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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.1.234</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1082</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОХИМИЯ, АНАТОМИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOCHEMISTRY, ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ ассоциаций полиморфных вариантов генов MSTN, CAST, PRLR с хозяйственно-полезными качествами лошадей вятской породы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of polymorphic variants of MSTN, CAST, PRLR genes associations with economically useful qualities of vyatka breed horses</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0515-0123</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белоусова</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belousova</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. с.-х. н., ст. науч. сотр. отд. селекции</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher of Breeding Departmen</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3979-1279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Басс</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bass</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. с.-х. н., доц. каф. кормления и разведения с.-х. животных</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Associate Professor of the Feeding and Breeding of agricultural animals Department</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0593-2344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиновьева</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinovieva</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. н., доц. каф. частной зоотехнии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professorof Private Animal Husbandry Department</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0012-413X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокин</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokin</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. с.-х. н., консультант генетич. лаборатории</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Genetic Laboratory Consultant</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9773-4550</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Атнабаева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Atnabaeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. филол. н., доц. каф. иностранных языков</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт коневодства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetaru Scientific Institution «All-Russian Research Institute of Horse Breeding»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное&#13;
образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Удмуртский государственный аграрный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal state budget education institution for higher education «Udmurt state agricultural university»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Московская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии – МВА имени К.И. Скрябина»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution&#13;
of Higher Education «Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K.I. Scriabin»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>234</fpage><lpage>247</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белоусова Н.Ф., Басс С.П., Зиновьева С.А., Сорокин С.И., Атнабаева Н.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белоусова Н.Ф., Басс С.П., Зиновьева С.А., Сорокин С.И., Атнабаева Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belousova N.F., Bass S.P., Zinovieva S.A., Sorokin S.I., Atnabaeva N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1082">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1082</self-uri><abstract><p>Изучена связь полиморфных вариантов генов MSTN, CAST, PRLR с рабочими качествами и типами телосложения лошадей вятской породы. Цель исследований: оценка генетического и селекционного потенциала вятской породы, а также изучение взаимосвязи генотипов MSTN, CAST, PRLR с хозяйственно-полезными качествами лошадей. Методы: Выделение ДНК из волосяных луковиц вятских лошадей проводили с помощью «ExtraGene DNA Prep». При сканировании мутаций в локусах MSTN (n=43), CAST (n=41) и PRLR (n=41), амплификацию ДНК выполняли методом аллель-специфической ПЦР. Расчеты частоты встречаемости аллелей и генотипов проводили с помощью MS Excel 10. Результаты исследований: Отмечена зависимость рабочих качеств вятских лошадей от частоты встречаемости аллелей миостатина MSTN (g.66493737 T&gt;C). Лошади с большей встречаемостью аллеля MSTN/С обладают более производительными движениями, чем особи с типичным для аборигенов генотипом Т/Т. Вятки с генотипом Т/Т более универсальны, а также проявляют лучшие результаты в работе в упряжи, а лошади с генотипом Т/С – под седлом. Лошади с генотипом T/T обладают наибольшим индексом костистости при наименьшем индексе массивности. У вятских лошадей преобладает гомозиготный по «дикому» аллелю генотип MSTN T/T (0,581). Впервые в коневодстве выявлена связь типов телосложения с геном кальпастатина (CAST). Наиболее массивными и костистыми оказались лошади с генотипом G/A, более облегченными – с генотипом А/А, отмечена наибольшая частота встречаемости генотипа CAST G/A (0,463), генотип CAST G/G встречается в породе редко (0,171). Не выявлена взаимосвязь частоты встречаемости генов рецепторов пролактина (PRLR) с типами телосложения лошадей. Частота встречаемости генотипов PRLR С/С (0,366) и PRLR G/C (0,390) примерно идентична, генотип PRLR G/G встречается реже (0,244). Исследование всех племенных жеребцов по генам, связанным с хозяйственно-полезными качествами, даст возможность более эффективно вести селекцию, используя желательные генотипы, что актуально для малочисленных пород.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The relationship of polymorphic variants of MSTN, CAST, PRLR genes with working qualities and body types of Vyatka horses was studied. The purpose of the research is to assess the genetic and breeding potential of the Vyatka breed horses, as well as to study the relationship between the MSTN, CAST, PRLR genotypes and the economically useful qualities of horses. The method of DNA extraction from Vyatka horse hair follicles using ExtraGene DNA Prep. was applied. When scanning the mutations in the loci MSTN (n=43), CAST (n=41) and PRLR (n=41), DNA amplification the method of allele-specific PCR was performed. The frequency of alleles and genotypes was calculated using MS Excel 10. As a result of research, the dependence of Vyatka horses working qualities on the frequency of occurrence of myostatin MSTN alleles (g.66493737 T&gt;C) was noted. The horses with a higher occurrence of the MSTN/C allele have more productive movements than the individuals with the T/T genotype typical for aborigines. Vyatka horses with the T/T genotype are more versatile, and also show better results in sledding, while the horses with the T/C genotype are better under saddle. The horses with the T/T genotype have the highest bony index but the lowest massiveness index. The MSTN T/T (0.581) homozygous genotype for the "wild" allele predominates in Vyatka horses. A relation ship between body types and the calpastatin gene (CAST) has been revealed for the first time in horse breeding. The horses with the G/A genotype turned out to be the most massive and bony, the horses with the A/A genotype were lighter, the highest frequency of occurrence of the CAST G/A genotype (0.463) was noted, the CAST G/G genotype is rare in the breed (0.171). A relationship between the frequency of occurrence of prolactin receptor genes (PRLR) and body types of horses was not found. The frequency of occurrence of PRLR C/C (0.366) and PRLR G/C (0.390) genotypes is approximately identical, the PRLR G/G genotype is less common (0.244). The study of genes associated with economically useful qualities in all breeding stallions will enable to conduct more efficient breeding, using the desired genotypes, which is important for small breeds.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лошади</kwd><kwd>вятская порода</kwd><kwd>генетика</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>ДНК-маркеры</kwd><kwd>оценка генотипа</kwd><kwd>MSTN</kwd><kwd>CAST</kwd><kwd>PRLR</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>horses</kwd><kwd>Vyatka breed</kwd><kwd>genetics</kwd><kwd>breeding</kwd><kwd>DNA markers</kwd><kwd>genotype assessment</kwd><kwd>MSTN</kwd><kwd>CAST</kwd><kwd>PRLR</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was financially supported by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation in accordance with the thematic plan of the Izhevsk State Agricultural Academy (subject no. 122020300065-3).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Храброва, Л. 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