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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.413</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1201</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКУШЕРСТВО, ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетические  основы  качества  спермы  жеребцов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The genetic basis of the sperm quality of stallions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8496-5277</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никиткина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitkina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд.  биол.  наук.,  лаборатория  биологии  развития</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph.D.  biological  sciences,  laboratory  of developmental biology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikitkinae@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт генетики и разведения &#13;
сельскохозяйственных животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного &#13;
научного учреждения «Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ &#13;
имени академика Л. К. Эрнста»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding — Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>413</fpage><lpage>420</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никиткина Е.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никиткина Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitkina E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1201">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1201</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним  из  важных  факторов,  влияющих  на  воспроизводительную  функцию, является генотип животного. Метод геномной селекции основывается на использовании полиморфных однонуклеотидных замен (SNP) как маркеров для определения  ценности  генотипа  животного  или  растения.  Формирование  и функционирование репродуктивной системы животных происходит в результате согласованного взаимодействия широкого спектра генов.  Поиск геномных ассоциаций GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Studies) с признаками фертильности позволит в дальнейшем вести отбор животных по этим показателям на геномном уровне. Сперму получали при помощи кобыл в охоте и на фантоме с использованием искусственной вагины Hannover (Minitubе, Германия). Сперму каждого жеребца собирали не менее  трех  раз.  Было  проанализировано  качество  спермы  96  жеребцов  разных  пород (арабская,  ахалтекинская,  тракененская,  чистокоровная  верховая,  орловский  рысак, французский рысак, советская тяжеловозная, шетлендский пони, уэльский пони, помести разных пород). Выявлена высокая изменчивость показателей качества спермы. Так, например, концентрация сперматозоидов в эякуляте варьировала от 59 до 514 млн/мл, прогрессивная подвижность от 20 до 87 %, а количество клеток без повреждений от 21,6 до 95,6 %. Такая вариабильность изучаемых признаков дает возможность предположить, что  их  формирование  в  процессе  онтогенеза  происходит  под  влиянием  генетических факторов. Проведенный GWAS анализ по объему эякулята, концентрации и подвижности сперматозоидов жеребцов выявил потенциальные гены-кандитаты, ассоциированные с  данными  показателями.  Ассоциации,  выявленные  в  нашем  исследовании,  являются многообещающими кандидатами для дальнейшего выявления биологических механизмов, лежащих в основе качества спермы жеребцов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of the important factors affecting the reproductive function is the genotype of the animal. The method of genomic selection is based on the use of polymorphic single nucleotide substitutions (SNP) as markers  for determining the value of the genotype of an animal or plant. The formation and functioning  of  the  reproductive  system  of  animals occurs as a result of the coordinated interaction of a wide range of genes.  The search for genomic  associations  of  GWAS  (Genome-Wide Association Studies) with signs of fertility will allow further selection of animals based  on  these  indicators  at  the  genomic level. Sperm was obtained with the help of mares in hunting and on a phantom using an artificial  Hannover  vagina  (Minitube,  Germany). The sperm of each stallion was collected at least three times. The semen quality of 96 stallions of different breeds (Arabian, Akhal-Teke, Trakenen, thoroughbred horse, Oryol  trotter,  French  trotter,  Soviet  heavy horse, Shetland pony, Welsh pony, horses of different breeds) was analyzed. High variability  of  sperm  quality  indicators  was  revealed.  For  example,  the  concentration  of sperm in the ejaculate varied from 59 to 514 million /ml, progressive mobility from 20 to 87%, and the number of cells without damage from 21.6 to 95.6%. Such variability of the studied features makes it possible to assume that their formation in the process of ontogenesis  occurs  under  the  influence  of genetic factors. The GWAS analysis of ejaculate volume, concentration and motility of stallion  sperm  revealed  potential  candidate genes associated with these indicators. The associations identified in our study are promising candidates for further identification of the  biological  mechanisms  underlying  the quality of stallion sperm.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сперма</kwd><kwd>жеребцы</kwd><kwd>GWAS</kwd><kwd>SNP</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>semen</kwd><kwd>stallions</kwd><kwd>GWAS</kwd><kwd>SNP</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства образования и науки, проект № 121052600354-7/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with  the financial support of the Ministry of Education  and  Science,  project  No.  121052600354-7</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никиткина, Е.В. 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