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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2023.4.431</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1203</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКУШЕРСТВО, ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микробный пейзаж половых путей здоровых коров с различным  сроком  стельности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The microbial landscape of the genital tract of healthy cows with different gestation periods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8790-0540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паршин</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parshin</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар. наук, проф., директор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Veterinary Sciences,  Professor,  Director</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">doktor.57@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2960-038X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Востроилова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vostroilova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, гл. науч. сотр. отдела экспериментальной фармакологии  и функционирования  живых  систем</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Chief Scientific Officer. sotr.  Department  of  Experimental  Pharmacology and Functioning of Living Systems</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3804-1732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бригадиров</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brigadirov</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар наук, гл. науч. сотр. отдела экспериментальной фармакологии  и функционирования  живых  систем</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Chief Scientific Officer. sotr. Department of  Experimental  Pharmacology  and Functioning  of  Living  Systems </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-9083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошников</surname><given-names>И. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnikov</surname><given-names>I. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, гл. науч. сотр. отдела экспериментальной фармакологии  и функционирования  живых  систем</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, ch. sci. sotr. Department  of Experimental  Pharmacology and Functioning of Living Systems</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9317-7344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. ветеринар. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отдела экспериментальной фармакологии  и функционирования  живых  систем</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>st. cand.  veterinarian.  sciences,  art.  sci.  sotr. Department of Experimental  Pharmacology and Functioning of Living Systems</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0147-8965</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манжурина</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manzhurina</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. ветеринар. наук, зав. лабораторией микробиологии и молекулярно-генетического анализа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>st  cand.  veterinarian.  sciences,  head.  Laboratory  of Microbiology  and Molecular Genetic Analysis</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6462-8724</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перепелкина</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perepelkina</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотр. лаборатории микробиологии и молекулярно-генетического анализа</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ml.  scientific. sotr. Laboratories of Microbiology and Molecular Genetic Analysis</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Якимчук</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakimchuk</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ветеринарный врач</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>veterinarian</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский ветеринарный институт патологии, фармакологии и терапии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Veterinary  Institute  of  Pathology,  Pharmacology and Therapy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЗАО «Юдановские просторы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>CJSC "Yudanovskie prostory"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>431</fpage><lpage>437</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Паршин П.А., Востроилова Г.А., Бригадиров Ю.Н., Шапошников И.Т., Жуков М.С., Манжурина О.А., Перепелкина И.С., Якимчук О.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Паршин П.А., Востроилова Г.А., Бригадиров Ю.Н., Шапошников И.Т., Жуков М.С., Манжурина О.А., Перепелкина И.С., Якимчук О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Parshin P.A., Vostroilova G.A., Brigadirov Y.N., Shaposhnikov I.T., Zhukov M.S., Manzhurina O.A., Perepelkina I.S., Yakimchuk O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1203">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1203</self-uri><abstract><p>Учение о нормальной микрофлоре организма человека и животных в настоящее время находится в центре внимания клинических микробиологов и широкого круга специалистов клинического профиля. Известно, что микрофлора влагалища зависит от множества факторов  внутренней  и  внешней  среды,  поэтому  в  настоящее  время  её принято  рассматривать  как  экосистему,  обладающую  уникальным комплексом механизмов, обеспечивающим его резистентность по отношению к чужеродным микроорганизмам и поддерживающим репродуктивное здоровье. Целью исследования явилось изучение изменения микробиоценоза влагалища у коров в разные периоды стельности. Объектом исследования служили клинически здоровые коровы (n=10) красно-пёстрой породы (голшитинизированные), а предметом исследования – шеечно-вагинальная слизь. На 150-160, 210-220 и 260-265 день стельности у коров производился отбор образцов слизи с помощью стерильных зонд тампонов для бактериологических исследований.  Установлено,  что  представители  нормофлоры,  а  также  условно-патогенной и патогенной микрофлоры присутствовали во влагалищных выделениях жи вотных всех периодов стельности. Однако общая бактериальная обсемененность половых путей у коров в первой половине и во второй половине третьего триместра беременности характеризовалась её снижением на 29,2  и 33,3%  соответственно относительно данных полученных во втором триместре. Также необходимо отметить, что ко второй половине третьего триместра беременности наблюдается увеличение облигатной нормофлоры за счёт лакто- и бифидобактерий на 27,1% и в 4 раза соответственно, с преобладанием рода Lactobacillus в количественном отношении. На фоне этого количество транзиторной микрофлоры снижалось на 34,2-57,1% (Р˂0,05).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The doctrine of the normal microflora of the human and animal body is currently in the focus of attention of clinical microbiologists and a wide range of clinical specialists. It is known that the microflora of the vagina depends on many factors of the internal and external  environment,  therefore,  it  is  now considered to be an ecosystem with a unique set of mechanisms that ensure its resistance to  foreign  microorganisms  and  support  reproductive health. The aim of the study was to study changes in vaginal microbiocenosis in cows during different periods of pregnancy.  The  object  of  the  study  was  clinically healthy cows (n=10) of a redmottled breed (holshitinized), and the subject of the study was  cervical–vaginal  mucus.  On  the  150-160, 210-220 and 260-265 days of pregnancy,  mucus  samples  were  taken  from  cows using sterile probe tampons for bacteriological studies. It was found that representatives of  the  normoflora,  as  well  as  conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microflora were present in the vaginal secretions of animals of  all  periods  of  pregnancy.  However,  the total  bacterial  contamination  of  the  genital tract in cows in the first half and second half of the third trimester of pregnancy was characterized by its decrease by 29.2 and 33.3%, respectively, relative to the data obtained in the second trimester. It should also be noted that by the second half of the third trimester of pregnancy, there is an increase in obligate normoflora due to lacto- and bifidobacteria by 27.1% and 4 times, respectively, with the predominance of the genus Lactobacillus in quantitative terms. Against this background, the amount of transient microflora decreased by 34.2-57.1% (P0.05).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коровы</kwd><kwd>беременность</kwd><kwd>сроки  стельности</kwd><kwd>шеечно-вагинальная слизь</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cows</kwd><kwd>pregnancy</kwd><kwd>terms  of  pregnancy</kwd><kwd>cervical-vaginal  mucus</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лаптев Г.Ю., Новикова Н.И., Ильина Л.А., Йылдырым Е.А., Бумова В.А., Корочкина Е.А. Исследование вагинальной слизи высокопродуктивных коров в послеотёльный период посредством ПЦР в реальном времени. Российский ветеринарный журнал. 2014; 3: 10-12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laptev G.Yu., Novikova N.I., Ilyina L.A., Yyldyrym E.A., Dumova V.A., Korochkina E.A. 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