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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2024.1.202</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1325</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООГИГИЕНА, САНИТАРИЯ, КОРМЛЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOHYGIENE, SANITATION, FEEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Дрожжевые грибы в этиологии микозов животных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yeast fungi in the etiology of animal mycoses</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-413X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маноян</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Manoyan</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. ветеринар. наук, зав. отделом микологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> head of the mycology department </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mycology@vgnki.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуршева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gursheva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> науч. сотр. отдела микологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> researcher at the Department of mycology </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габузян</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabuzyan</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотр. отдела микологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> researcher at the Department of mycology </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6001-6739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> советник директора</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Advisor to the Director </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «ВГНКИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution «VGNKI»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>04</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>202</fpage><lpage>214</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маноян М.Г., Гуршева А.С., Габузян Н.А., Панин А.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маноян М.Г., Гуршева А.С., Габузян Н.А., Панин А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Manoyan M.G., Gursheva A.S., Gabuzyan N.A., Panin A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1325">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1325</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследовано 760 образцов биологического материала из различных регионов РФ, выделено 320 изолятов дрожжевых грибов, что составило 42,10% от общего числа образцов. Из 760 образцов 29,0% принадлежали крупному рогатому скоту, 11,8% — мелкому рогатому скоту, 13,0% — лошадям, 1,6% — верблюдам, 7,2% - кошкам и 17,5% – собакам, 1,8% -сырое молоко и 0,8% - объектов внешней среды (ОВС). Большая часть выделенных изолятов (240) дрожжевых грибов принадлежало грибам рода Candida, что составило 75%. Видовое разнообразие грибов рода Candida представлено 15 видами. Наибольшее количество изолятов относятся к видам Candida albicans, Candida catenulata, Candida kefyr Candida krusei, Candida membranifaciens, Candida pararugosa и Candida tropicals. Данные виды грибов рода Candida известны в качестве возбудителей грибковых инфекций человека и животных. Видовое разнообразие видов, не относящихся к роду Candida, ограничено 7 видами в составе 5 родов – Geotrichum, Malassezia, Rhodotorula, Saccharomyces и Trichosporon. Установлен факт развития устойчивости некоторых видов дрожжей к наиболее часто используемым противогрибковым препаратам (флуконазолу и вориконазолу). Выявлено, что 30% исследованных изолятов рода Candida являются устойчивыми к флуконазолу, 32% – дозозависимыми, 38% – чувствительными, к вориконазолу устойчивы 28%, 30% – дозозависимыми, 42% – чувствительными. Изоляты, не относящиеся к роду Candida проявили устойчивость к флуконазолу 19%, 38% - дозозависимы, 43% – чувствительны, к вориконазолу – 23% – устойчивые, 18% – дозозависимые и 59 % – чувствительны. Доля устойчивых к флуконазолу и вориконазолу изолятов дрожжевых грибов, выделенных от животных, достаточно велика, она составляет в некоторых случаях до 50% (C. tropicalis). Высокий уровень устойчивости выявлен у изолятов Candida albicans, Candida catenulata, Candida rugosa и Candida pararugosa, что может существенно осложнить терапию вызываемых ими инфекций и внести свой вклад во всемирную проблему антибиотикорезистентности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>760 samples of biological material from various regions of the Russian Federation were studied, 320 isolates of yeast fungi were isolated, which amounted to 42.10% of the total number of samples. Of the 760 samples, 29.0% belonged to cattle, 11.8% to small cattle, 13.0% to horses, 1.6% to camels, 7.2% to cats and 17.5% to dogs, 1.8% to raw milk and 0.8% to environmental objects (OVS). Most of the isolated isolates (240) of yeast fungi belonged to fungi of the genus Candida, which amounted to 75%. The species diversity of fungi of the genus Candida is represented by 15 species. The largest number of isolates belong to the species Candida albicans, Candida catenulata, Candida kefyr Candida krusei, Candida membranifaciens, Candida pararugosa and Candida tropicals. These species of fungi of the genus Candida are known as pathogens of fungal infections in humans and animals. The species diversity of species not belonging to the genus Candida is limited to 7 species in 5 genera – Geotrichum, Malassezia, Rhodotorula, Saccharomyces and Trichosporon. The fact of the development of resistance of some yeast species to the most commonly used antifungal drugs (fluconazole and voriconazole) has been established. It was revealed that 30% of the studied isolates of the genus Candida are resistant to fluconazole, 32% are dose–dependent, 38% are sensitive, 28% are resistant to voriconazole, 30% are dose–dependent, 42% are sensitive. Isolates not belonging to the genus Candida showed resistance to fluconazole 19%, 38% - dose–dependent, 43% - sensitive, voriconazole – 23% – resistant, 18% – dose–dependent and 59% - sensitive. The proportion of isolates of yeast fungi resistant to fluconazole and voriconazole isolated from animals is quite large, in some cases it is up to 50% (C. tropicalis). A high level of resistance was found in isolates of Candida albicans, Candida catenulata, Candida rugosa and Candida pararugosa, which can significantly complicate the treatment of infections caused by them and contribute to the worldwide problem of antibiotic resistance.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>грибы</kwd><kwd>дрожжи</kwd><kwd>дрожжевые</kwd><kwd>Candida</kwd><kwd>Candida albicans</kwd><kwd>Candida tropicalis</kwd><kwd>Geotrichum candidum</kwd><kwd>Malassezia pachydermatis</kwd><kwd>Trichosporon</kwd><kwd>сельскохозяйственные</kwd><kwd>домашние</kwd><kwd>животные</kwd><kwd>чувствительность</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd><kwd>флуконазол</kwd><kwd>вориконазол</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fungi</kwd><kwd>yeast</kwd><kwd>yeast</kwd><kwd>Candida</kwd><kwd>Candida albicans</kwd><kwd>Candida tropicalis</kwd><kwd>Geotrichum candidum</kwd><kwd>Malassezia pachydermatis</kwd><kwd>Trichosporon</kwd><kwd>agricultural</kwd><kwd>domestic</kwd><kwd>animals</kwd><kwd>sensitivity</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>fluconazole</kwd><kwd>voriconazole</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Материалы подготовлены в рамках регионального конкурса Российского научного фонда 2021 года «Проведение фундаментальных научных исследований и поисковых научных исследований отдельными научными группами» (соглашение № 22-26-00206 от 29.12.2021), https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-00206/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Materials prepared within the framework of the regional competition of the Russian Science Foundation 2021 “Conducting fundamental scientific research and exploratory scientific research by individual scientific groups” (agreement No. 22- 26-00206 of December 29, 2021), https:// rscf.ru/project/22-26-00206/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дрожжи в природе: монография / И. 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