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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2024.3.216</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1466</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОХИМИЯ, АНАТОМИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOCHEMISTRY, ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфофункциональная активность белка NPM1 при тубулярном раке молочной железы у кошек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphofunctional activity of npm1 protein in tubularbreast cancer in cats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1594-8630</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митенко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitenko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Митенко В.В. – канд. биол. наук, асс. каф. паразитологии и ветсанэкспертизы, анатомии и патанатомии им. профессора С.Н. Никольского</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mitenko V.V. – Candidate of Biological Sciences, ass. of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary Medicine, Anatomy and Pathanatomy named after Professor S.N. Nikolsky</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mitenko.vas@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-8633</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дилекова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dilekova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дилекова О.В. – д-р биол. наук, зав. каф. паразитологии и ветсанэкспертизы, анатомии и патанатомии им. профессора С.Н. Никольского</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dilekova O.V. – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head of the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary Medicine, Anatomy and Pathanatomy named after Professor S.N. Nikolsky</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный агарный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Agricultural University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>216</fpage><lpage>222</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Митенко В.В., Дилекова О.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Митенко В.В., Дилекова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mitenko V.V., Dilekova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1466">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1466</self-uri><abstract><p>Канцерогенез опухолей молочных желез кошек отличается своей однородностью в отношении клеточных структур, за счет этого можно хорошо проанализировать влияние отдельных сигнатурных паттернов на механизм возникновения рака. Для этого необходимо определить функциональное состояние отдельных белков, которые начинают экспрессировать как внутри, так и на поверхности ядерной структуры. Некоторые мультифункциональные белки в области ядрышковых организаторов формируют активность ядра, что тесно связано с регуляцией клеточного цикла. Белок нуклеофозмин является важнейшим клеточным белком, который участвует в ряде путей, включая транспорт мРНК, ремоделирование хроматина, апоптоз и стабильность генома. Он слабо экспрессируется покоящимися клетками, но его гиперэкспрессия приводит клетку к стимуляции деления и увеличению метастатического потенциала. Поэтому целью нашего исследования являлось изучение экспрессии белка нуклеофозмина (NPM1) при разных гистологических градациях тубулярной карциномы в молочных железах у кошек (n=13). В обзоре представлены результаты гистологического строения тубулярной карциномы от высокодифференцированного до низкодифференцированного типа. При изучении материла было выявлено, что в 5 образцах опухолей G3 в лимфатических сосудах, которые располагались трансгранично, регистрировали опухолевые эмболы, также в одном образце лимфатического узла был зарегистрирован макрометастаз, занимающий около 70 % паренхимы коркового вещества. При выполнении иммуногистохимического исследования (ИГХ) определили, что иммунопозитивные участки отмечали в ядрышковой локализации, при этом регистрировали оценку окрашивания, которая соответствовала умеренной (++) для высокодифференцированных опухолей и сильной (+++) для низкодиффернцированных. Таким образом, при гиперэкспрессии данного маркера происходила дезорганизация хроматина в ядрышке с увеличением субкомпартментов в ядре, что в последующем приводило к увеличению метастатического потенциала характерного для опухолей G3.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The carcinogenesis of mammary gland tumors in cats is characterized by its uniformity with respect to cellular structures, due to this, it is possible to analyze the effect of individual signature patterns on the mechanism of cancer occurrence well. To do this, it is necessary to determine the functional state of individual proteins that begin to express both inside and on the surface of the nuclear structure. Some multifunctional proteins in the region of nucleolar organizers form the activity of the nucleus, which is closely related to the regulation of the cell cycle. The nucleophosmin protein is an essential cellular protein that is involved in a number of pathways, including mRNA transport, chromatin remodeling, apoptosis, and genome stability. It is poorly expressed by resting cells, but its overexpression leads the cell to stimulate division and increase metastatic potential. Therefore, the aim of our study was to study the expression of the nucleophosmin protein (NPM1) at different histological gradations of tubular carcinoma in mammary glands in cats (n=13). The review presents the results of the histological structure of tubular carcinoma from the highly differentiated to the low-differentiated type. When studying the material, it was revealed that tumor emboli were recorded in 5 samples of G3 tumors in lymphatic vessels that were located cross-border, and macrometastasis, occupying about 70% of the parenchyma of the cortical substance, was also recorded in one sample of the lymph node. When performing an immunohistochemical study (IHC), it was determined that immunopositive sites were noted in the nucleolar localization, while a staining score was recorded, which corresponded to moderate (++) for highly differentiated tumors and strong (+++) for low-grade ones. Thus, when this marker was overexpressed, chromatin disorganization occurred in the nucleolus with an increase in subcomputments in the nucleus, which subsequently led to an increase in the metastatic potential characteristic of G3 tumors.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кошка</kwd><kwd>молочная железа</kwd><kwd>опухоль</kwd><kwd>тубулярная карцинома</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия (ИГХ)</kwd><kwd>нуклеофозмин (NPM1)</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cat</kwd><kwd>mammary gland</kwd><kwd>tumor</kwd><kwd>tubular carcinoma</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry (IHC)</kwd><kwd>nucleophosmin (NPM1)</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cancer driver genes IDH1/2, JARID1C/KDM5C and UTX/KDM6A: crosstalk between histone demethylation and hypoxic reprogramming in cancer metabolism / Chang S., Yim S., Park H. // Exp Mol Med. 2019. – Т. 51. – №6. – С. 1-17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cancer driver genes IDH1/2, JARID1C/ KDM5C and UTX/KDM6A: crosstalk between histone demethylation and hypoxic reprogramming in cancer metabolism / Chang S., Yim S., Park H. // Exp Mol Med. 2019. – Т. 51. – №6. – С. 1-17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Extensive analysis of tumor array confirms overwhelming role of nucleophosmin in breast cancer / Karhemo Piia-Riitta, Rivinoja Antti, Lundin Johan, Joensuu Heikki Bono, Petri, Laakkonen // Regular article oncogenesis and tumor progression. – 2011. – Т. 179. – № 2. – С. 1004-1014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Extensive analysis of tumor array confirms overwhelming role of nucleophosmin in breast cancer / Karhemo Piia-Riitta, Rivinoja Antti, Lundin Johan, Joensuu Heikki Bono, Petri, Laakkonen // Regular article oncogenesis and tumor progression. – 2011.– Т. 179. – № 2. – С. 1004-1014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Histone deacetylase inhibitor eliminates multidrug resistance by reducing nucleophosmin levels via the PI3K/Akt pathway in breast cancer / Chen Xi, Zheng Hu, Cai J.H., Zhang WP, Yu HS, Xing J.F., Dong Y.L. // Int J Oncol. 2016. – Т. 49. – №1. – С. 294-304.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Histone deacetylase inhibitor eliminates multidrug resistance by reducing nucleophosmin levels via the PI3K/Akt pathway in breast cancer / Chen Xi, Zheng Hu, Cai J.H., Zhang WP, Yu HS, Xing J.F., Dong Y.L. // Int J Oncol. 2016. – Т. 49. – №1. – С. 294-304.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Invasive micropapillary breast carcinoma in cats: clinical and pathological features and nuclear DNA content / Seixas F., Palmeira S., Pires M.A., Lopez S. // Veterinary pathology. – 2007. – T. 44. – №6. – S. 842-848.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Invasive micropapillary breast carcinoma in cats: clinical and pathological features and nuclear DNA content / Seixas F., Palmeira S., Pires M.A., Lopez S. // Veterinary pathology. – 2007. – T. 44. – №6. – S. 842-848.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Limaiem F, Mlika M. 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