ivmМеждународный вестник ветеринарииInternational Journal of Veterinary Medicine2072-2419SpbGUVM Publishing House10.52419/issn2072-2419.2024.4.26ivm-1502Research ArticleИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИINFECTIOUS DISEASESРазработка унифицированной кишечной среды для микробиологических исследований в ветеринарной медицинеDevelopment of the unified intestinal medium for microbiological research in veterinary medicinehttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9350-7588ШебекоС. К.ShebekoS. K.

Шебеко С.К. – д-р. фарм. наук, проф., зав. каф. биотехнические и медицинские системы и технологии 

Shebeko S.K. – Doctor of Pharmacy, Prof., Head of the Department of Bioengineering and Medical Systems and Technologies

shebeko_sk@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0339-8187ТихменеваЮ. А.TikhmenevaIu. A.

Тихменева Ю.А. – асп. 

Tikhmeneva Iu.A. – postgraduate student 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8832-5875СандулянК. В.SandulianK. V.

Сандулян К.В. – студ. 

Sandulian K.V. – student 

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9834-3989ЕрмаковА. М.ErmakovA. M.

Ермаков А.М. – д-р. биол. наук, проф., декан факультета биоинженерия и ветеринарная медицина

Ermakov A.M. – Doctor of Biology, Prof., Dean of the Faculty of Bioengineering and Veterinary Medicine

ФГБОУ ВО «Донской государственный технический университет»РоссияDon State Technical UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Ростовский государственный медицинский университет»РоссияRostov State Medical UniversityRussian Federation202416012025042634Copyright © Шебеко С.К., Тихменева Ю.А., Сандулян К.В., Ермаков А.М., 20242024Шебеко С.К., Тихменева Ю.А., Сандулян К.В., Ермаков А.М.Shebeko S.K., Tikhmeneva I.A., Sandulian K.V., Ermakov A.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1502

Искусственные кишечные среды высоко востребованы в микробиологических исследованиях в сфере ветеринарии, поскольку позволяют получить качественный и количественный состав микробиоты, соответствующий естественным условиям. Единственная искусственная кишечная среда, имеющаяся на сегодняшний день в отечественной микробиологической практике, не валидирована и её применение ограничивается культивированием лактобактерий. В связи с этим, научный интерес представляет разработка унифицированной искусственной кишечной среды (УИКС), максимально соответствующей естественным условиям кишечника, на примере кур породы Браун Ник, для эффективного культивирования микроорганизмов при проведении микробиологических исследований в ветеринарии. В ходе проведенных исследований были проанализированы существующие искусственные кишечные среды и выбраны ключевые компоненты для УИКС, включающие пектин, ксилан, арабиногалактан, амилопектин, казеин, крахмал, бактопептон, соли и витамины, что обеспечивает воспроизведение естественных условий кишечника. Для проверки эффективности среды отобрали десять образцов фекалий кур, пять из которых инкубировали в условиях УИКС, а другие пять культивировали без применения среды. Полученные бактериальные культуры были идентифицированы и количественно проанализированы с помощью масс-спектрометрии MALDI-TOF и метода посева на селективные среды. Статистический анализ показал отсутствие значимых различий в составе микробиоты между экспериментальными группами (р>0,05), что указывает на успешное воспроизведение условий кишечника с использованием УИКС. Настоящее исследование демонстрирует потенциал УИКС для культивирования кишечной микробиоты и может стать основой для дальнейших исследований, направленных на моделирование условий кишечника при разработке лекарственных препаратов и кормов в ветеринарии.

Artificial intestinal media are in high demand in microbiological research in the field of veterinary medicine, since they allow obtaining a qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiota corresponding to the natural conditions. The only artificial intestinal medium currently available in domestic microbiological practice has not been validated and its use is limited to the cultivation of lactobacilli. In this regard, the development of a unified artificial intestinal medium (UAIM) that best matches the natural conditions of the intestine, using the example of Brown Nick chickens, is of scientific interest for the effective cultivation of microorganisms during microbiological research in veterinary medicine. In the course of the studies, existing artificial intestinal media were analyzed and key components were selected, including pectin, xylan, arabinogalactan, amylopectin, casein, starch, bactopeptone, salts and vitamins, which ensures the reproduction of natural intestinal conditions. To test the effectiveness of the medium, ten samples of chicken feces were selected, five of which were incubated under UAIM conditions, and the other five were cultured without the use of the medium. The resulting bacterial cultures were identified and quantitatively analyzed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and the method of seeding on selective media. Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in the microbiota composition between the experimental groups (p>0.05), indicating that the intestinal conditions were successfully reproduced using UAIM. This study demonstrates the potential of UAIM for culturing intestinal microbiota and can serve as a basis for further studies aimed at modeling intestinal conditions in the development of veterinary drugs and feeds.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.