<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2025.2.30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1683</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIOUS DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изыскание генетических маркеров для ПЦР-РВ индикации возбудителя вирусной геморрагической септицемии рыб</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Search for genetic markers for PCR-RV indication of the causative agent of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in fish</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0416-6193</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elizaveta-real@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4709-314X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миргазов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mirgazov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотр.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6919-4064</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Додонова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dodonova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>мл. науч. сотр. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2763-8605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осянин</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osyanin</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-2117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, науч. сотр.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-9826</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаева</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makaeva</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный центр токсикологической, радиационной и биологической безопасности»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety" </institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Громова Е.А., Миргазов Д.А., Додонова Е.А., Осянин К.А., Горбунова М.Е., Макаева А.Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Громова Е.А., Миргазов Д.А., Додонова Е.А., Осянин К.А., Горбунова М.Е., Макаева А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gromova E.A., Mirgazov D.A., Dodonova E.A., Osyanin K.A., Gorbunova M.E., Makaeva A.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1683">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1683</self-uri><abstract><p>Вирусная геморрагическая септицемия является одной из наиболее опасных болезней рыб, наносящих существенный урон экономическому развитию аквакультуры. В Российской Федерации диагностические мероприятия по выявлению данного возбудителя, как правило, базируются на серологических подходах. Однако, наиболее быстрыми и точными являются молекулярногенетические методы диагностики, в основе которых лежит полимеразная цепная реакция. Целью данной работы явилась разработка комбинации праймеров и зонда, пригодной для специфической ПЦР-индикации вируса геморрагической септицемии в режиме реального времени. На первом этапе работы был осуществлен биоинформационный анализ доступных, на сегодняшний день, нуклеотидных последовательностей геномов возбудителя вирусной геморрагической септицемии. Проанализировав последовательности данного вируса, в пределах гена N, кодирующего нуклеопротеин, определен маркерный локус размером 180 п.о. В пределах данного локуса разработаны праймеры и зонд, пригодные для выявления изолятов вирусной геморрагическая септицемии в формате полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени. В результате серии экспериментов, проведенных на кДНК, выделенных из вирусных культур VHSV ЧФ 1.2, VHSV 22- ARM, IHNV и IPN, была определена программа амплификации и состав реакционной смеси. Установлено, что разработанные праймеры обладают 100 % специфичностью, а чувствительность может достигать 12 копий вирусных частиц на микролитр. Таким образом, подобранные в рамках данной работы нуклеотидные маркеры и сконструированные на их основе праймеры и зонд обладают всеми необходимыми характеристиками необходимыми для использования их в качестве основы тест-системы, позволяющей проводить быструю ПЦР-индикацию вируса для выявления и идентификации возбудителя вирусной геморрагическая септицемии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Viral hemorrhagic septicemia is one of the most dangerous fish diseases, causing significant damage to the economic development of aquaculture. In the Russian Federation, diagnostic measures to identify this pathogen are usually based on serological approaches. However, the fastest and the most accurate methods are molecular genetic diagnostic methods based on the polymerase chain reaction. The aim of this work was to develop a combination of primers and probe suitable for specific PCR indication of hemorrhagic septicemia virus in real time. At the first stage of the work, a bioinformatic analysis of the currently available nucleotide sequences of the genomes of the viral hemorrhagic septicemia causative agent was carried out. After analyzing the sequences of this virus, a marker locus of 180 bp was determined inside of the N gene encoding the nucleoprotein. Inside of this locus, primers and a probe suitable for detecting isolates of viral hemorrhagic septicemia in the real time polymerase chain reaction were developed. As a result of a series of experiments conducted on cDNAs isolated from VHSV CF 1.2 and VHSV 22-ARM virus cultures, the 1.2 and VHSV 22-ARM virus cultures, the amplification program and the composition of the reaction mixture were determined. It has been established that the developed primers have 100% specificity, and sensitivity can reach 12 copies of virus particles per microliter. Thus, the nucleotide markers selected as part of that work and the primers and probe constructed on their basis have all the characteristics necessary for their use as the basis of a test system that allows for rapid PCR indication of the virus to detect and identify the causative agent of viral hemorrhagic septicemia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирусная геморрагическая септицемия</kwd><kwd>ОТ-ПЦР</kwd><kwd>чувствительность</kwd><kwd>специфичность</kwd><kwd>генетические маркеры</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>viral hemorrhagic septicemia</kwd><kwd>RT-PCR</kwd><kwd>sensitivity</kwd><kwd>specificity</kwd><kwd>genetic markers</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yusuff S., Kurath G., Kim M.S., Tesfaye T.M., Li J., McKenney D.G., Vakharia V.N. The glycoprotein, non-virion protein, and polymerase of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus are not determinants of host-specific virulence in rainbow trout. Virol J. 2019; 16 (1):31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-019-1139-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yusuff S., Kurath G., Kim M.S., Tesfaye T.M., Li J., McKenney D.G., Vakharia V.N. The glycoprotein, non-virion protein, and polymerase of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus are not determinants of host-specific virulence in rainbow trout. Virol J. 2019; 16 (1):31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-019-1139-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baillon L., Mérour E., Cabon J., Louboutin L., Vigouroux E, Alencar ALF, Cuenca A, Blanchard Y, Olesen NJ, Panzarin V, Morin T, Brémont M, Biacchesi S. The Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) Markers of Virulence in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Front Microbiol. 2020; 11:574231. https:// doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.574231.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baillon L., Mérour E., Cabon J., Louboutin L., Vigouroux E, Alencar ALF, Cuenca A, Blanchard Y, Olesen NJ, Panzarin V, Morin T, Brémont M, Biacchesi S. The Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) Markers of Virulence in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Front Microbiol. 2020; 11:574231. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.574231.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim H.J., Cuenca A., Olesen N. J Validation of a novel one-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method for detecting viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus. Aquaculture. 2018; 492:170-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.03.047.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim H.J., Cuenca A., Olesen N. J Validation of a novel one-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method for detecting viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus. Aquaculture. 2018; 492:170-183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.03.047.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ito T., Kurita J., Mori K., Olesen N.J. Virulence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) genotype III in rainbow trout. Vet Res.; 47:4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-015-0303-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ito T., Kurita J., Mori K., Olesen N.J. Virulence of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) genotype III in rainbow trout. Vet Res.; 47:4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-015-0303-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пыльнов В. А., Бурлаченко И. В., Бычкова Л. И. Применение гнездового варианта ПЦР (ОТ-ПЦР) для диагностики вируса геморрагической септицемии у лососевых рыб. Актуальные вопросы пресноводной аквакультуры: Сборник научных трудов Филиала по пресноводному рыбному хозяйству ФГБНУ «ВНИРО» («ВНИИПРХ»). 2023; 94:122- 129.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pylnov V.A., Burlachenko I.V., Bychkova L.I. Application of the nest PCR variant (RT -PCR) for the diagnosis of hemorrhagic septicemia virus in salmon fish. Current issues of freshwater aquaculture : Collection of scientific papers of Branch for the freshwater fisheries of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and oceanography”. 2023; 94:122-129 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анисимова Е.А., Додонова Е.А., Миргазов Д.А., Фахрутдинов Н.А., Елизарова И.А., Панкова Е.В., Осянин К.А. Подбор оптимальных условий постановки ПЦР для идентификации возбудителя бруцеллеза собак. Вестник Алтайского государственного аграрного университета. 2023; 12(230):55-59. https:// oi.org/10.53083/1996-4277-2023-230-12- 55-59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anisimova E.A., Dodonova E.A., Mirgazov D.A., Fakhrutdinov N.A., Elizarova I.A., Pankova E.V., Osyanin K.A. Selection of optimal conditions of PCR setup to identify canine brucellosis causative agent. Bulletin of Altai State Agricultural University. 2023; 12(230):55-59. https://doi.org/10.53083/1996-4277-2023-230-12- 55-59 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Громова Е.А., Миргазов Д.А., Додонова Е.А., Елизарова И.А., Горбунова М.Е., Осянин К.А. Разработка мультиплексной ПЦР-РВ тест-системы для выявления возбудителя бруцеллеза. Ветеринарный врач. 2024; 3:34-40. https://doi.org/10.33632/1998-698X_2024_3_34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gromova E.A., Mirgazov D.A., Dodonova E.A., Elizarova I.A., Gorbunova M.E., Osyanin K.A. Development of a multiplex RTPCR test system for detecting the causative agent of brucellosis. The Veterinarian. 2024; 3:34-40. https://doi.org/10.33632/1998-698X_2024_3_34 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Громова Е.А., Осянин К.А., Додонова Е.А., Горбунова М.Е., Хаммадов Н.И., Макаева А.Р. Генетические маркеры для ПЦР-индикации вируса инфекционного некроза гемопоэтической ткани лососевых рыб. Вестник Курской государственной сельскохозяйственной академии. 2024; 5:88-94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gromova E.A., Osyanin K.A., Dodonova E.A., Gorbunova M.E., Khammadov N.I., Makaeva A.R. Genetic markers for PCR indication of salmonid infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. Bulletin of Kursk State Agricultural Academy. 2024; 5:88-94 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chico V., Gomez N., Estepa A., Perez L. Rapid detection and quantitation of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus in experimentally challenged rainbow trout by real-time RT-PCR. J Virol Methods. 2006; 132(1- 2):154-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.10.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chico V., Gomez N., Estepa A., Perez L. Rapid detection and quantitation of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus in experimentally challenged rainbow trout by real-time RT-PCR. J Virol Methods. 2006; 132(1- 2):154-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.10.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Warg J.V, Clement T., Cornwell E.R, Cruz A., Getchell R.G, Giray C., Goodwin A.E, Groocock G.H., Faisal M., Kim R., Merry G.E., Phelps N.B., Reising M.M., Standish I., Zhang Y., Toohey-Kurth K. Detection and surveillance of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus using real-time RT-PCR. II. Diagnostic evaluation of two protocols. Dis Aquat Organ. 2014; 111(1):15-22. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02758</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Warg J.V, Clement T., Cornwell E.R, Cruz A., Getchell R.G, Giray C., Goodwin A.E, Groocock G.H., Faisal M., Kim R., Merry G.E., Phelps N.B., Reising M.M., Standish I., Zhang Y., Toohey-Kurth K. Detection and surveillance of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus using real-time RT-PCR. II. Diagnostic evaluation of two protocols. Dis Aquat Organ. 2014; 111(1):15-22. https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02758</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тарасова А. С., Перчун А. В., Мельников В. П. Применение полимеразной цепной реакции для выявления возбудителей некоторых особо опасных вирусных болезней рыб. Ветеринария сегодня. 2020; 1 (32):11-16. https://doi.org/10.29326/2304-196X-2020-1-32-11-16</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarasova A. S., Perchun A. V., Melnikov V. P. Polymerase chain reaction for detection of some highly dangerous viral fish disease agents. Veterinary Science Today. 2020; 1(32):11-16. https://doi.org/10.29326/2304-196X-2020-1-32-11-16</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Перчун А. В., Воробьев В. В., Мельников В. П. Обнаружение особо опасных вирусных болезней рыб семейства лососёвых (Salmo salar) с применением полимеразной цепной реакции. Рыбное хозяйство. 2022; 5:88-93. https://doi.org/10.37663/0131-6184-2022-5-88-93</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Perchun A.V., Vorobyov V.V., Melnikov V.P. Detection of particularly dangerous viral diseases of salmon fish (Salmo salar) using polymerase chain reaction. Fisheries. 2022; 5:88-93. https://doi.org/10.37663/0131-6184-2022-5-88-93</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
