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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2025.2.62</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1690</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIOUS DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антибиотикорезистентность и альтернативные методы профилактики и борьбы с бактериальными инфекциями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiotic resistance and alternative methods of prevention and control of bacterial infections</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар. наук, член-корреспондент РАН, проф., советник директора</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Director’s counselor</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авилов</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avilov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар. наук, член-корреспондент РАН, проф.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стекольников</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stekolnikov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар. наук, академик РАН, проф. каф. общей частой и оперативной хирургии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor, Academician of RAS</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stekolnikov-anatolii@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Енгашев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Engashev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар. наук, академик РАН, проф., генеральный директор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor,General director</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Ветпоставка»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vetpostavka</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Нижегородский государственный агротехнологический университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Nizhny Novgorod State Agrotechnological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет ветеринарной медицины»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «НВЦ Агроветзащита»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>NVC Agrovetzaschita</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>74</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гусев А.А., Авилов В.М., Стекольников А.А., Енгашев С.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусев А.А., Авилов В.М., Стекольников А.А., Енгашев С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gusev A.A., Avilov V.M., Stekolnikov A.A., Engashev S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1690">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1690</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблемы возникновения, распространения и эволюции резистентности микробов к антибиотикам находятся в центре внимания клинической микробиологии. Антибиотикорезистентность расценивают как одну из значимых угроз для человечества и животноводства в XXI веке. Это связано с тем, что на фоне замедления разработки новых антимикробных препаратов наблюдается повсеместный рост резистентности к ним и появление панрезистентных штаммов микробов. В настоящее время проблема микробной резистентности бактерий к антибиотикам приняла угрожающие масштабы, что приводит к снижению эффективности терапии бактериальных инфекций и необходимости применения более дорогостоящих препаратов. Антибиотикоустойчивость бактериальных штаммов возникла в результате неконтролируемого, а в ряде случаев необоснованного применения антибиотиков в сельском хозяйстве и медицине. Привычные бактериальные инфекции в будущем могут стать неизлечимыми, в следствие чего возникнут массовые болезни среди населения и животных. Серьезность сложившейся ситуации побудила Всемирную организацию здравоохранения (ВОЗ) составить перечень антибиотикорезистентных возбудителей, распространение которых вызывает наибольшую угрозу. Указанная инициатива ВОЗ имела целью привлечь внимание всех заинтересованных сторон, включая исследовательские организации, фармацевтические компании и правительственные структуры, к решению проблемы нарастающей резистентности микробов к антибиотикам. Решение проблемы может быть найдено в разработке четких, научно обоснованных правил применения антибиотиков и поиска альтернативных препаратов. В статье представлен обзор основных причин развития антибиотикоустойчивости микроорганизмов, а также краткие сведения о наиболее интересных подходах к созданию новых антибактериальных средств и проанализированы наиболее перспективные из них (вакцины, пробиотики, фаги, иммуностимуляторы, технологическая профилактика и др.).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The focus of clinical microbiology is on the problems of the emergence, spread and evolution of microbial resistance to antibiotics. Antibiotic resistance is evaluating as one of the significant threats to humanity and livestock in the 21st century. This is due to the fact of the slowdown of the development of new antimicrobial drugs, there for increasing the antibiotic resistance and the emergence the pan-resistant strains of microbes. Currently, the problem of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria has reached alarming proportions, which leads to a decrease in the effectiveness of therapy for bacterial infections and the necessity to use more expensive drugs. Antibiotic resistance of bacterial strains is one of the most serious threats to modern veterinary medicine and health care, which has arisen as a result of uncontrolled, and in some cases unreasonable use of antibiotics in agriculture and medicine. Common bacterial infections may become incurable in the future, resulting in mass diseases among the population and animals. The seriousness of the current situation has prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to compile a list of antibiotic-resistant pathogens, the spread of which poses the greatest threat. The WHO initiative aimed to draw the attention of all interested organizations, including research organizations, pharmaceutical companies and government agencies, to solving the problem of the growing resistance of microbes to antibiotics. The solution to the problem can be found in the development of clear, scientifically based rules for the use of antibiotics and the search for alternative drugs. The article provides an overview of the main causes of the development of antibiotic resistance in microorganisms, as well as brief information on the most interesting approaches to the creation of new antibacterial agents and analyzes the most promising of them (vaccination, probiotics, phage therapy, immunostimulants, technological prevention, etc.).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антибиотики</kwd><kwd>антибиотикоустойчивость</kwd><kwd>инфекции</kwd><kwd>бактерии</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>вакцины</kwd><kwd>пробиотики</kwd><kwd>бактериофаги</kwd><kwd>иммуностимуляторы</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotics</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>infections</kwd><kwd>bacteria</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>vaccines</kwd><kwd>probiotics</kwd><kwd>bacteriophages</kwd><kwd>immunostimulants</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дерезина Т.Н., Овчаренко Т.М., Николаев В.В. 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