<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2025.3.256</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1816</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООГИГИЕНА, САНИТАРИЯ, КОРМЛЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOHYGIENE, SANITATION, FEEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микотоксикологический мониторинг кормов на территории Омской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mycotoxicological monitoring of feed in the territory Omsk region</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горюнова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryunova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>асп.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aa.goryunova2301@omgau.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нахлёскина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nakhleskina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>асп.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7896-2339</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плешакова</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pleshakova</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар. наук, проф., проф. каф. ветеринарной микробиологии, инфекционных и инвазионных болезней</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor veterinary sciences, professor, professor of the department of veterinary microbiology, infectious and invasive diseases</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5594-2666</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герунов</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerunov</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, доц., проф. каф. диагностики, внутренних незаразных болезней, фармакологии, хирургии и акушерства </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>doctor of biology, professor of the department of diagnostics, internal non-infectious diseases, pharmacology, surgery and obstetrics </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Омский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "P.A. Stolypin Omsk State Agrarian University"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>256</fpage><lpage>262</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горюнова А.А., Нахлёскина А.А., Плешакова В.И., Герунов Т.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горюнова А.А., Нахлёскина А.А., Плешакова В.И., Герунов Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Goryunova A.A., Nakhleskina A.A., Pleshakova V.I., Gerunov T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1816">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1816</self-uri><abstract><p>Контаминация кормов микотоксинами является общемировой проблемой на протяжении многих десятилетий. Целью исследования было определение пяти нормируемых в кормах микотоксинов (афлатоксина В1, охратоксина А, Т-2 токсина, зеараленона, дезоксиниваленола) в грубых, сочных, концентрированных и других кормах, а также выявление токсигенных грибов и их метаболитов в гранулированных кормах и сырье для кормопроизводства. Проведен ретроспективный анализ результатов исследования кормов в Омской областной ветеринарной лаборатории за период с 2019 по 2024 г.г. по пяти микотоксинам (афлатоксин В1, Т-2 токсин, охратокин А, зеараленон, дезоксиниваленол). По данным годовых отчетов Омской областной ветеринарной лаборатории, за анализируемый период (2019-2024 гг.) на исследование общей токсичности кормов поступило более 7000 образцов, из них 229 проб исследовано на наличие микотоксинов.Микотоксикологическому исследованию подлежали пшеница, овес, горох, кукуруза кормовая, грубые (сено, солома) и сочные (сенаж, силос) корма, шроты, жмыхи, кормосмеси, комбикорма. Для количественного определения микотоксинов были использованы иммуноферментный анализ и высокоэффективная жидкостная хроматография. Проблема контаминации кормов токсигенными грибами и микотоксинами остается актуальной даже при использовании интенсивных технологий в растениеводстве и высокотехнологичного оборудования при производстве кормов. Установлено, что в грубых и сочных кормах преобладает трихотеценовая группа микотоксинов (Т-2 токсин, зеараленон, дезоксиниваленол). В сырье для производства комбикормов отмечается чаще рост плесневых грибов-продуцентов афлатоксинов и охратоксинов. В большинстве случаев обнаруживали по 2-3 и более микотоксинов в одной пробе, что требует разработки комплексных мер профилактики сочетанных микотоксикозов животных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Contamination of feed with mycotoxins has been a global problem for many decades. The aim of the study was to determine five mycotoxins standardized in feed (aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol) in roughage, succulent, concentrated and other feeds, as well as to identify toxigenic fungi and their metabolites in granulated feeds and raw materials for feed production. A retrospective analysis of the results of feed research in the Omsk Regional Veterinary Laboratory for the period from 2019 to 2024 was carried out for five mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol). According to the annual reports of the Omsk Regional Veterinary Laboratory, over 7,000 samples were submitted for general feed toxicity testing during the analyzed period (2019- 2024), of which 229 samples were tested for mycotoxins. Wheat, oats, peas, feed corn, coarse (hay, straw) and succulent (haylage, silage) feed, meals, cakes, feed mixtures, and compound feed were subject to mycotoxicological testing. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to quantify mycotoxins. The problem of feed contamination with toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins remains relevant even with the use of intensive technologies in crop production and high-tech equipment in feed production. It has been established that the trichothecene group of mycotoxins (T-2 toxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol) predominates in roughage and succulent feeds. In raw materials for the production of compound feeds, the growth of mold fungi producing aflatoxins and ochratoxins is more often noted. In most cases, 2-3 or more mycotoxins were detected in one sample, which requires the development of comprehensive measures to prevent combined mycotoxicoses in animals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>токсигенные грибы</kwd><kwd>микотоксины</kwd><kwd>афлатоксин В1</kwd><kwd>Т-2 токсин</kwd><kwd>охратоксин А</kwd><kwd>зеараленон</kwd><kwd>дезоксиниваленол</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>toxigenic fungi</kwd><kwd>mycotoxins</kwd><kwd>aflatoxin B1</kwd><kwd>T-2 toxin</kwd><kwd>ochratoxin A</kwd><kwd>zearalenone</kwd><kwd>deoxynivalenol</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gruber-Dorninger C., Jenkins T., Schatzmayr G. Global Mycotoxin Occurrence in Feed: A Ten-Year Survey. Toxins (Basel). 2019;11(7):375. doi: 10.3390/toxins11070375.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gruber-Dorninger C., Jenkins T., Schatzmayr G. Global Mycotoxin Occurrence in Feed: A Ten-Year Survey. Toxins (Basel). 2019;11(7):375. doi: 10.3390/toxins11070375.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hao W., Guan S., Li A., Wang J., An G., Hofstetter U., Schatzmayr G. Mycotoxin Occurrence in Feeds and Raw Materials in China: A Five-Year Investigation. Toxins (Basel). 2023;15(1):63. doi: 10.3390/toxins15010063.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hao W., Guan S., Li A., Wang J., An G., Hofstetter U., Schatzmayr G. Mycotoxin Occurrence in Feeds and Raw Materials in China: A Five-Year Investigation. Toxins (Basel). 2023;15(1):63. doi: 10.3390/toxins15010063.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Muñoz-Solano B., Lizarraga Pérez E., González-Peñas E. Monitoring Mycotoxin Exposure in Food-Producing Animals (Cattle, Pig, Poultry, and Sheep). Toxins (Basel). 2024;16(5):218. doi: 10.3390/toxins16050218.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Muñoz-Solano B., Lizarraga Pérez E., González-Peñas E. Monitoring Mycotoxin Exposure in Food-Producing Animals (Cattle, Pig, Poultry, and Sheep). Toxins (Basel). 2024;16(5):218. doi: 10.3390/toxins16050218.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xu R., Kiarie E.G., Yiannikouris A., Sun L., Karrow N.A. Nutritional impact of mycotoxins in food animal production and strategies for mitigation. J Animal Sci Biotechnol. 2022;13(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s40104 -022-00714-2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xu R., Kiarie E.G., Yiannikouris A., Sun L., Karrow N.A. Nutritional impact of mycotoxins in food animal production and strategies for mitigation. J Animal Sci Biotechnol. 2022;13(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s40104-022-00714-2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Попов В.С. Проблемы микотоксикозов в современных условиях и принципы профилактических решений / В.С. Попов, Н.В. Самбуров, Н.В. Воробьева. – Курск: Планета+, 2018. 158 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popov V.S. Problemy mikotoksikozov v sovremennyh usloviyah i principy profilakticheskih reshenij / V.S. Popov, N.V. Samburov, N.V. Vorob'eva. – Kursk : Planeta+, 2018. 158 s. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крюков В.С., Глебова И.В., Зиновьев С.В. Микотоксины, микотоксикозы и выбор адсорбентов // Вестник Курской государственной сельскохозяйственной академии. 2019. № 8. С. 164-180.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kryukov V.S., Glebova I.V., Zinov'ev S.V. Mikotoksiny, mikotoksikozy i vybor adsorbentov // Vestnik Kurskoj gosudarstvennoj sel'skohozyajstvennoj akademii. 2019. № 8. S. 164-180. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тужикова Т.А., Титова М.С. ИФА-наборы для определения микотоксинов // Комбикорма. 2011. № 1. С. 45-48.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tuzhikova T.A., Titova M.S. IFA-nabory dlya opredeleniya mikotoksinov // Kombikorma. 2011. № 1. S. 45-48. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крюков В.С. Полимикотоксикоз: оценка действия // Комбикорма. 2013. № 10. С. 82-87.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kryukov V.S. Polimikotoksikoz: ocenka dejstviya // Kombikorma. – 2013. № 10. S. 82-87. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Симонова И.А. OTA-, ZEA-, T-2 - сочетанные микотоксикозы животных и детоксикация кормов, контаминированных микотоксинами, с применением озон/NOтехнологий : специальность 06.02.02 «Ветеринарная микробиология, вирусология, эпизотология, микология с микотоксикологией и иммунология» на соискание ученой степени кандидата ветеринарных наук / Симонова Ирина Александровна; Омский государственный аграрный университет им. П. А. Столыпина. – Омск, 2013. – 127 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simonova I.A. OTA-, ZEA-, T-2 - sochetannye mikotoksikozy zhivotnyh i detoksikaciya kormov, kontaminirovannyh mikotoksinami, s primeneniem ozon/NOtekhnologij : special'nost' 06.02.02 «Veterinarnaya mikrobiologiya, virusologiya, epizotologiya, mikologiya s mikotoksikologiej i immunologiya» na soiskanie uchenoj stepeni kandidata veterinarnyh nauk / Simonova Irina Aleksandrovna; Omskij gosudarstvennyj agrarnyj universitet im. P. A. Stolypina. – Omsk, 2013. – 127 s. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bergsjø B., Langseth W., Nafstad I., Jansen J.H., Larsen H.J. The effects of naturally deoxynivalenolcontaminated oats on the clinical condition, blood parameters, performance and carcass composition of growing pigs. Vet Res Commun. 1993;17(4):283-94. doi: 10.1007/BF01839219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bergsjø B., Langseth W., Nafstad I., Jansen J.H., Larsen H.J. The effects of naturally deoxynivalenol-contaminated oats on the clinical condition, blood parameters, performance and carcass composition of growing pigs. Vet Res Commun. 1993;17(4):283-94. doi: 10.1007/BF01839219.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boudra H., Le Bars P., Le Bars J. Thermostability of Ochratoxin A in wheat under two moisture conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995;61(3):1156-8. doi: 10.1128/aem.61.3.1156-1158.1995.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boudra H., Le Bars P., Le Bars J. Thermostability of Ochratoxin A in wheat under two moisture conditions. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995;61(3):1156-8. doi: 10.1128/aem.61.3.1156-1158.1995.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bullerman L.B., Bianchini A. Stability of mycotoxins during food processing. Int J Food Microbiol. 2007;119(1- 2):140-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.07.035.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bullerman L.B., Bianchini A. Stability of mycotoxins during food processing. Int J Food Microbiol. 2007;119(1-2):140-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.07.035.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jackson L.S., Katta S.K., Fingerhut D.D., DeVries J.V., Bullerman L.B.E. Effects of baking and frying on the Fumonisin B1 content of corn-based foods. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1997;45(12):4800-5. doi: 10.1021/jf970405b.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jackson L.S., Katta S.K., Fingerhut D.D., DeVries J.V., Bullerman L.B.E. Effects of baking and frying on the Fumonisin B1 content of corn-based foods. J. Agric. Food Chem. 1997;45(12):4800-5. doi: 10.1021/jf970405b.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ryu D., Hanna M.A., Bullerman L.B. Stability of zearalenone during extrusion of corn grits. J Food Prot. 1999;62 (12):1482-4. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x62.12.1482.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ryu D., Hanna M.A., Bullerman L.B. Stability of zearalenone during extrusion of corn grits. J Food Prot. 1999;62(12):1482-4. doi: 10.4315/0362-028x-62.12.1482.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wolf-Hall C.E., Schwarz P.B. Mycotoxins and fermentation - beer production. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002;504:217-26. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0629-4_22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wolf-Hall C.E., Schwarz P.B. Mycotoxins and fermentation - beer production. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2002;504:217-26. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-0629-4_22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Payne J., Rattink W., Smith T., Winowiski T. Pelleting handbook. A guide for production staff in the compound feed industry. Sarpsborg, Norway.: Borregaard lignotech, 2001. 73 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Payne J., Rattink W., Smith T., Winowiski T. Pelleting handbook. A guide for production staff in the compound feed industry. Sarpsborg, Norway.: Borregaard lignotech, 2001. 73 р.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
