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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2025.3.376</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1832</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОХИМИЯ, МОРФОЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOCHEMISTRY, ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная оценка теплоизоляционных свойств волосяного покрова у жеребят разных популяций якутской лошади</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative assessment of the thermal insulation properties of hair in foals of different populations of the Yakut horse</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алферов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alferov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. с.-х. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории селекции и разведения лошадей</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Selection and Breeding of Horses</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivan.alferov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слепцов</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sleptsov</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар. наук., гл. науч. сотр. лаб. оленеводства и традиционных отраслей</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of V.S., Ch. scientific co-workers of the laboratory reindeer husbandry and traditional industries </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Федеральный исследовательский центр «Якутский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской&#13;
академии наук» - Якутский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства имени М.Г. Сафронова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Federal Research Center "Yakut Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences" - Yakut Research Institute of Agriculture named after M.G. Safronova</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>376</fpage><lpage>384</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алферов И.В., Слепцов Е.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алферов И.В., Слепцов Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alferov I.V., Sleptsov E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1832">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1832</self-uri><abstract><p>Настоящее исследование направлено на сравнительный анализ терморегуляторных особенностей двух популяций жеребят якутской породы — момской (Арктический район) и амгинской (Центральный район) — в первые шесть месяцев жизни. Теплоизоляционные свойства шерстного покрова оценивались с использованием индекса теплоизоляции (ИТ), основанного на массе шерсти, её плотности и длине волос. У момских жеребят зимний ИТ составил 7270,65 (плотность 1812±127 волос/см², масса 0,107±0,0058 г/см², длина 37,5±0,5 мм, диаметр 57,9±1,31 мкм), у амгинских — 4646,34 (плотность 1443±108 волос/см², масса 0,070±0,0043 г/см², длина 46,0±0,68 мм). Для приблизительной оценки теплопроводности (k) использовались значения термического сопротивления шерсти (R), принятые в диапазоне 0,8–0,9 °C·м²·Вт⁻¹, что соответствует данным по холодоустойчивым млекопитающим (Walsberg, 1991; Kvadsheim et al., 1994 и др.). На основе формулы k=L/R определялись ориентировочные значения теплопроводности. Теплопроводность момских жеребят (k=0,042–0,047 Вт/м·К) ниже, чем у амгинских (k=0,051–0,058 Вт/м·К), что обусловлено большей плотностью, снижающей теплопотери. Амгинские жеребята уступают из-за меньшей плотности, что увеличивает конвективные потери, несмотря на большую длину волос. ИТ и k корректировались с учетом сезонных изменений и диаметра волос, подтверждая, что высокая плотность и оптимальный диаметр у момских жеребят обеспечивают эффективную терморегуляцию даже при меньшей длине шерсти. Морфологически момские жеребята компактнее (индекс обхвата груди 118,9% против 112,7%), что минимизирует теплопотери по правилу Бергмана. В целом, результаты исследования показывают, что момская популяция жеребят якутской породы характеризуется более выраженными термоадаптивными признаками на ранних этапах постнатального развития.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of thermoregulatory characteristics in two populations of Yakut horse foals — the Momsky (Arctic region) and Amginsky (Central region) — during the first six months of life. The thermal insulation properties of the coat were assessed using an insulation index (II) based on coat mass, hair density, and hair length. In winter, the II for Momsky foals was 7270.65 (density: 1812 ± 127 hairs/cm²; mass: 0.107 ± 0.0058 g/cm²; hair length: 37.5 ± 0.5 mm; diameter: 57.9 ± 1.31 µm), while the Amginsky foals had an II of 4646.34 (density: 1443 ± 108 hairs/cm²; mass: 0.070 ± 0.0043 g/cm²; hair length: 46.0 ± 0.68 mm). To approximate thermal conductivity (k), values of thermal resistance (R) in the range of 0.8–0.9 ° C·m²·W⁻¹ were used, consistent with data for cold-adapted mammals (Walsberg, 1991; Kvadsheim et al., 1994, among others). Using the formula k = L / R, approximate conductivity values were calculated. The thermal conductivity of the Momsky foals (k = 0.042–0.047 W/m·K) was lower than that of the Amginsky foals (k = 0.051–0.058 W/ m·K), which is attributed to the higher hair density that reduces heat loss. Although Amginsky foals had longer hair, the lower density increased convective loss. Both II and k were adjusted for seasonal variation and hair diameter, confirming that the higher density and optimal diameter in Momsky foals ensure effective thermoregulation even with shorter hair length. Morphologically, Momsky foals were more compact (girth index: 118.9% vs. 112.7%), minimizing heat loss in accordance with Bergmann’s rule. Overall, the findings indicate that the Mom sky population of Yakut horse foals displays more pronounced thermoadaptive traits during the early stages of postnatal development.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>якутская лошадь</kwd><kwd>теплоизоляция</kwd><kwd>шерстный покров</kwd><kwd>рост</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>субарктический климат</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Yakut horse</kwd><kwd>thermal insulation</kwd><kwd>hair coat</kwd><kwd>growth</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>subarctic climate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gaunitz, C., et al. (2018). Ancient genomes revisit the ancestry of domestic and Przewalski’s horses. Science, 360(6384), 111 -114. doi:10.1126/science.aao3297.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gaunitz, C., et al. (2018). 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