ivmМеждународный вестник ветеринарииInternational Journal of Veterinary Medicine2072-2419SpbGUVM Publishing House10.52419/issn2072-2419.2025.3.473ivm-1842Research ArticleАКУШЕРСТВО, ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯOBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGYМорфофункциональные параметры молочной железы крупного рогатого скота голштинской породы разных генотипов по гену STAT3Morphofunctional parameters of the mammary gland of Holstein cattle of different genotypes according to the STAT3 genehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-4779ЧаицкаяК. Д.ChaiсkayaK. D.

канд. ветеринар. наук, доц. каф. внутренних незаразных болезней, хирургии и акушерства

Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Associate Professor of of the Department of Internal Non-Communicable Diseases, Surgery and Obstetrics

kseniyasabetova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5853-3809ЧаицкийА. А.ChaitskiyA. A.

канд. биол. наук, преп. каф. частной зоотехнии, разведения и генетики

Candidate of Biological Sciences, Lecturer at the Department of Private Animal Science, Breeding and Genetics

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-5449КоролевА. А.KorolevA. A.

канд. с.-х. наук, зав. региональным информационноселекционным центром

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Head of the Regional Information and Breeding Center

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6637-4924КочуеваН. А.KochuevaN. A.

д-р биол. наук, проф. каф. внутренних незаразных болезней, хирургии и акушерства

Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Internal Non-Communicable Diseases, Surgery and Obstetrics 

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3552-8457ЩеголевП. О.SchiogolevP. O.

канд. с.-х. наук, селекционер-зоотехник регионального информационно-селекционного центра 

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Livestock Breeder of the Regional Information and Breeding Center

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8530-6202ДуркинаВ. А.DurkinaV. A.

лаборант лаборатории генетики и ДНК технологий

Laboratory assistant at the Laboratory of Genetics and DNA Technologies

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8133-5071ПротасоваЕ. М.ProtasovaE. M.

асп. 2-го года очной формы обучения по специальности 4.2.1. Патология животных, морфология, физиология, фармакология и токсикология

2nd year postgraduate student in the specialty 4.2.1. Animal pathology, morphology,physiology, pharmacology and toxicology

ФГБОУ ВО «Костромская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия»РоссияFSBEI HE Kostroma SAA Russian Federation20250701202603473485Copyright © Чаицкая К.Д., Чаицкий А.А., Королев А.А., Кочуева Н.А., Щеголев П.О., Дуркина В.А., Протасова Е.М., 20252025Чаицкая К.Д., Чаицкий А.А., Королев А.А., Кочуева Н.А., Щеголев П.О., Дуркина В.А., Протасова Е.М.Chaiсkaya K.D., Chaitskiy A.A., Korolev A.A., Kochueva N.A., Schiogolev P.O., Durkina V.A., Protasova E.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1842

Ген STAT3 кодирует цитоплазматический белок преобразователь сигнала и активатор транскрипции 3 (STAT3). На данный момент на основании преимущественно зарубежных полногеномных исследований существуют сведения об ассоциации гена с энергетическим обменом, линейными размерами и живой массой, однако они проводились в основном на лабораторных животных и человеке, а на крупном рогатом скоте подобных сведений пока недостаточно.

Цель работы: изучить морфофункциональные параметры молочной железы крупного рогатого скота голштинской породы разных генотипов по гену STAT3. Работа выполнена в 2024-2025 гг. на коровах голштинской породы (n=26) ООО «Сущево» Костромской области. У животных выборки проводили оценку морфофункциональных параметров молочной железы, определяли количество соматических клеток (КСК) в молоке и генотип по гену STAT3. В результате исследований было установлено, что наибольшей частотой обладал гетерозиготный генотип STAT3СТ (0,538). У животных генотипа STAT3CC регистрировали клиническую форму катарального мастита с КСК более 800 тыс. кл/мл. Также у особей генотипа STAT3CC отмечали наиболее оптимальные показатели морфофункциональных параметров молочной железы. При этом в результате анализа модели «случай-контроль» определяли статистически значимый шанс возникновения мастита у носителей аллеля STAT3C в 5,6 раз по сравнению с носительницами аллеля STAT3T. Это следует учитывать при разведении животных и обращать внимание на их содержание. В качестве подкрепления гипотезы и повышения объективности предлагаемых выводов требуется увеличение поголовья животных выборки, изучение данных тенденций в рамках других популяций крупного рогатого скота.

The STAT3 gene encodes the cytoplasmic protein signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Currently, based mainly on foreign genome-wide studies, there is information on the association of the gene with energy metabolism, linear dimensions and live weight, but they were carried out mainly on laboratory animals and humans, and there is not enough such information on cattle. Objective: to study the morphofunctional parameters of the mammary gland of Holstein cattle of different genotypes for the STAT3 gene. The work was carried out in 2024-2025 on Holstein cows (n = 26) of Sushchevo, Kostroma Region. In the animals of the sample, the morphofunctional parameters of the mammary gland were assessed, the number of somatic cells (SC) in milk and the genotype for the STAT3 gene were determined. As a result of the research, it was found that the heterozygous genotype STAT3CT (0.538) had the highest frequency. The clinical form of catarrhal mastitis with a SC of more than 800 thousand cells/ml was registered in animals of the STAT3CC genotype. Also, the most optimal indicators of morphofunctional parameters of the mammary gland were noted in individuals of the STAT3CC genotype. At the same time, as a result of the analysis of the case-control model, a statistically significant chance of mastitis occurrence in carriers of the STAT3C allele was determined by 5.6 times compared to carriers of the STAT3T allele. This should be taken into account when breeding animals and paying attention to their maintenance. To support the hypothesis and increase the objectivity of the proposed conclusions, it is necessary to increase the number of animals in the sample, study these trends in other cattle populations.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.