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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2025.4.15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1862</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIOUS DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Способ количественного определения вирусных нуклеиновых кислот для стандартизации условий производства интраназальной вакцины против респираторных болезней новорожденных телят</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A method for the quantitative determination of viral nucleic acids to standardize the production conditions of an intranasal vaccine against respiratory diseases of newborn calves</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5669-1486</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хаммадов</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Кhammadov</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikhammadov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0707-2117</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> канд. биол. наук, науч. сотр.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9056-5798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3689-1442</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шангараев</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shangaraev</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. ветеринар. наук., науч. сотр. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0915-3989</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дуплева</surname><given-names>Л. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dupleva</surname><given-names>L. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior researcher</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5279-9836</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усольцев</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usoltsev</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. ветеринар. наук, вед. науч. сотр. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Veterinary Sciences, Leading Researcher  </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8786-1310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол., наук, вед. науч. сотр.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading researcher </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный центр токсикологической, радиационной и биологической безопасности»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО Казанский ГАУ Институт "Казанская академия ветеринарной медицины имени Н.Э. Баумана"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI «Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety»;&#13;
FSBEI HE «Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine named after N.E. Bauman»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный центр токсикологической, радиационной и биологической безопасности»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI «Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хаммадов Н.И., Горбунова М.Е., Тарасова Е.Ю., Шангараев Р.И., Дуплева Л.Ш., Усольцев К.В., Ефимова М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хаммадов Н.И., Горбунова М.Е., Тарасова Е.Ю., Шангараев Р.И., Дуплева Л.Ш., Усольцев К.В., Ефимова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Кhammadov N.I., Gorbunova M.I., Tarasova E.Y., Shangaraev R.I., Dupleva L.S., Usoltsev K.V., Efimova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1862">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1862</self-uri><abstract><p>Основными критериями оценки вакцин являются их иммуногенность, специфическая активность и безопасность. Целью данной работы являлась разработка ПЦР в реальном времени для выявления и количественной оценки вирусных нуклеиновых кислот для стандартизации условий производства интраназальной вакцины против респираторных болезней новорожденных телят. Сконструированы комбинации праймеров и зондов (для каждого патогена индивидуально) позволяющие идентифицировать участок гликопротеина G респираторносинцитиального вируса (РСВ) размером 97 п.н. расположенного в области от 4849 до 4945 п.н.; участок 130 п.н P-гена возбудителя ПГ-3 в области от 2856 до 2985 п.н.; локус 171 п.н вируса ИРТ в области от 8271 по 8341 п.н.. Создан и синтезирован положительный контрольный образец (ПКО), представляющий собой замкнутую в кольцо двухцепочную молекулу ДНК (5618 п.н.), содержащую нуклеотидную последовательность, состоящую из сконструированных праймеров и зондов для индикации вирусов ИРТ, ПГ-3 и РСИ. С использованием ПКО определены оптимальные условия постановки количественной ПЦР-РВ и состав реакционной смеси. Минимальная концентрация плазмидной ДНК, при которой регистрировалась успешная амплификация составила 5 аг/мкл, что соответствовало разведению 10-10, при котором в 1 мл раствора содержалось 826 молекул плазмидной ДНК. По результатам амплификации вируссодержащего материала установлены следующие концентрации патогенов: ИРТ – 0,7-1,5 млн копий ДНК/мл, ПГ-3 – 0,1-0,5 млн копий РНК/мл и РСВ – 20-80 тыс. копий РНК/мл. Разработанный способ определения количественного содержания вирусных НК на основе ПЦР-РВ благодаря своим характеристикам является перспективным подходом при организации производства вакцины для профилактики респираторных инфекций молодняка, а также обеспечивает соответствие конечного продукта стандартам качества.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The main criteria for evaluating vaccines are their immunogenicity, specific activity, and safety. The aim of this work was to develop real-time PCR for the detection and quantification of viral nucleic acids in order to standardize the production conditions for an intranasal vaccine against respiratory diseases in newborn calves. Combinations of primers and probes (for each pathogen individually) were designed to identify a 97 bp region of glycoprotein G of the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) located in the range from 4849 to 4945 bp; a 130 bp region of the PI-3 pathogen P-gene in the range from 2856 to 2985 bp; a 171 bp locus. In the region from 8271 to 8341 bp, a PKO was created and synthesized, which is a double-stranded DNA molecule (5618 bp) closed in a ring, containing a nucleotide sequence consisting of engineered primers and probes for the indication of IRT, PI-3 and IBR viruses. Using PCO, the optimal conditions for quantitative PCR-RV and the composition of the reaction mixture were determined. The minimum concentration of plasmid DNA at which successful amplification was observed was 5 pg/μL, which corresponded to a dilution of 10-10, with 826 plasmid DNA molecules per mL of solution. According to the results of amplification of the viruscontaining material, the following concentrations of pathogens were established: IBR – 0.7-1.5 million copies of DNA/ml, PI-3 – 0.1 -0.5 million copies of RNA/ml, and RSV – 20-80 thousand copies of RNA/ml. The developed method for determining the quantitative content of viral nucleic acids based on RT-PCR is a promising approach for the production of vaccines for the prevention of respiratory infections in young animals, as it ensures compliance with quality standards.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>телята</kwd><kwd>крупный рогатый скот</kwd><kwd>вакцина</kwd><kwd>геном</kwd><kwd>вирус</kwd><kwd>инфекционный ринотрахеит</kwd><kwd>парагрипп-3</kwd><kwd>респираторно-синцитиальная инфекция</kwd><kwd>количественная полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>calves</kwd><kwd>cattle</kwd><kwd>vaccine</kwd><kwd>genome</kwd><kwd>virus</kwd><kwd>infectious rhinotracheitis</kwd><kwd>parainfluenza-3</kwd><kwd>respiratory syncytial infection</kwd><kwd>quantitative polymerase chain reaction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акбашев И.Р., Садыкова С.В., Яшагина Л.М., Каримуллина И.Г., Хусаинова Г.И., Гумеров В.Г., Евстифеев В.В. 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