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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2025.4.478</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1915</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКУШЕРСТВО, ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка ассоциаций генов PIT-1 и PRL с молочной продуктивностью и анализ условий статистической подтверждаемости различий у коров красной степной породы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of the associations of PIT-1 and PRL genes with milk productivity and analysis of the conditions for statistical confirmation of differences in cows of the red steppe breed</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2150-2192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оздемиров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ozdemirov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, зав. лаб. геномных исследований, селекции и племенного дела</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Head of the Laboratory of Genomic Research, Selection and Breeding </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alim72@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8086-1788</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крупин</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krupin</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар. наук, вед. науч. сотр. отд. физиологии,  биохимии, генетики и питания животных</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Leading Researcher of the Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, Genetics and Animal Nutrition</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Федеральный аграрный научный центр Республики Дагестан»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center of the&#13;
Republic of Dagestan"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН Федеральный исследовательский центр «Казанский научный центр Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science "Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>478</fpage><lpage>490</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Оздемиров А.А., Крупин Е.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Оздемиров А.А., Крупин Е.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ozdemirov A.A., Krupin E.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1915">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1915</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью работы было охарактеризовать полиморфизм локусов PIT-1 и PRL в стадах красной степной породы Республики Дагестан и оценить, при каких уровнях вариабельности продуктивных признаков различия между генотипами потенциально подтверждаемы статистически. Генотипирование 48 коров выполнено методом ПЦР-ПДРФ (PIT-1/HinfI; PRL/RsaI) с воспроизводимой схемой термоциклирования и рестрикции. Сформированы группы животных следующих полиморфных генотипов: для гена PIT-1 - AA (n=11), AB (n=16), BB (n=20); для гена PRL - AA (n=34), AB (n=11), BB (n=2). Учитывая семейную структуру (дочери одного быка) и отсутствие индивидуальных рядов продуктивности, формальные сравнения заменены анализом чувствительности: рассчитаны пороги SD и CV (для p&lt;0,05 и мощности ~ 80%) по удою, массовой доле жира и белка для всех парных контрастов генотипов внутри каждого локуса, а также их медианы по локусу. Результаты генотипирования показывают, что по удою подтверждение различий возможно при умеренной вариабельности, причём для PRL требуемые CV и SD ниже, чем для PIT-1; по жиру требования также умеренные. В отношении такого показателя молочной продуктивности, как белок, при типичной производственной дисперсии, различия маловероятны и потребуют увеличения выборок измерений. Полученные пороги могут служить практическими ориентирами для планирования мощности последующих исследований и интеграции маркеров в селекционные задачи на уровне хозяйств.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study was to characterize the polymorphism of the PIT-1 and PRL loci in Red Steppe cattle herds of the Republic of Dagestan and to assess the levels of variability in production traits at which differences between genotypes could be statistically confirmed. Genotyping of 48 cows was performed using the PCR-RFLP method (PIT-1/HinfI; PRL/RsaI) with a reproducible thermocycling and restriction protocol. For PIT-1, the following genotype groups were formed: AA (n = 11), AB (n = 16), BB (n = 20); for PRL: AA (n = 34), AB (n = 11), BB (n = 2). Considering the family structure (daughters of the same sire) and the absence of individual productivity records, formal comparisons were replaced by a sensitivity analysis: thresholds of SD and CV (for p &lt; 0.05 and power ~80%) were calculated for milk yield, fat percentage, and protein percentage for all pairwise genotype contrasts within each locus, as well as their medians per locus. Genotyping results indicate that for milk yield, confirmation of differences is possible under moderate variability, with lower CV and SD requirements for PRL than for PIT-1; for fat percentage, the requirements are also moderate. For milk protein percentage, given typical production variance, significant differences are unlikely and would require larger sample sizes. The obtained thresholds can serve as practical guidelines for planning statistical power in future studies and for integrating these markers into breeding programs at the farm level.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молочная продуктивность</kwd><kwd>PIT-1</kwd><kwd>PRL</kwd><kwd>ПЦР-ПДРФ</kwd><kwd>анализ чувствительности</kwd><kwd>мощность</kwd><kwd>вариабельность</kwd><kwd>красная степная порода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>milk productivity</kwd><kwd>PIT-1</kwd><kwd>PRL</kwd><kwd>PCR-RFLP</kwd><kwd>sensitivity analysis</kwd><kwd>power</kwd><kwd>variability</kwd><kwd>Red Steppe breed</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Суржикова, Е. С. Особенности полиморфизма генов PIT-1, PRL у коров кавказской бурой породы, разводимой в республике Дагестан / Е. С. Суржикова, Т. Н. Михайленко Д. М. 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