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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2025.4.525</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1920</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКУШЕРСТВО, ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кальциевый гомеостаз в нативных и декриоконсервированных сперматозоидах Gallus gallus D.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Calcium homeostasis in native and decryoconserved Gallus gallus D. spermatozoa</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-6080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurochkin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, проф., глав. науч. сотрудник, зав. лабораторией биологии развития</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Developmental Biology </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4430-4770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курочкин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотр. лаборатории биологии развития</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Developmental Biology </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kurochkin.anton.66@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4634-7515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плешанов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pleshanov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>биолог лаборатории биологии развития </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>biologist Laboratory of Developmental Biology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2865-9582</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Притужалова</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prituzhalova</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотр. лаборатории биологии развития</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Laboratory of Developmental Biology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных  – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный  исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л. К. Эрнста»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding — Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>525</fpage><lpage>533</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузьмина Т.И., Курочкин А.А., Плешанов Н.В., Притужалова А.О., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузьмина Т.И., Курочкин А.А., Плешанов Н.В., Притужалова А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurochkin A.A., Kuzmina T.I., Pleshanov N.V., Prituzhalova A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1920">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1920</self-uri><abstract><p>Современное птицеводство активно использует вспомогательные репродуктивные технологии, в частности криоконсервацию спермы, эффективность которой зависит от сохранения жизнеспособности клеток и их функциональной активности. С целью раннего выявления производителей с высокими показателями заморожено/оттаянного семени петухов ведется поиск высокоинформативных биомаркеров, детерминирующих качество спермы. Митохондрии, являющиеся источником АТФ, играют ключевую роль в подвижности сперматозоидов и их активности, в том числе посредством трансдукции ионов кальция (Ca²⁺). Цель исследования – идентификация эффектов сверхнизких температур на подвижность заморожено/оттаянных мужских гамет Gallus Gallus d., митохондриальную активность и содержание в них цитозольного Ca2+. Объектом исследования служили образцы свежеполученных эякулятов и заморожено/оттаянного семени (♂n = 10) породы царскосельская (селекция ВНИИГРЖ) в возрасте 61–63 недель. Сперму получали методом абдоминального массажа в пенициллиновые флаконы дважды в неделю, в течение двух недель. В ходе исследования выявлена высокая индивидуальная изменчивость в объемах нативных эякулятов особей и концентрации сперматозоидов. Высокое содержание внутриклеточного Ca²⁺ было значительно выше в сперматозоидах с интактной плазматической мембраной (56,48 ± 3,37%) по сравнению с клетками с повреждённой плазматической мембраной (3,51 ± 0,81%). После цикла замораживания/оттаивания популяция клеток с интактной плазматической мембраной и высоким содержанием внутриклеточного Ca²⁺ существенно снизилась и составила 9,97±0,74%. Таким образом, направленность изменения содержания внутриклеточного кальция (снижение) в размороженных сперматозоидах, в сочетании с другими представленными в настоящем исследовании индикаторами жизнеспособности и функциональной активности мужских гамет (митохондриальная активность), может рассматриваться в качестве одного из кандидатов превентивных биомаркеров криорезистентности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern poultry farming actively use assisted reproductive technologies, particularly sperm cryopreservation, which effectiveness depends on maintaining cell integrity and functional activity. In order to early identify roosters with high frozen/thawed semen quality, a search is underway of highly informative biomarkers, determines sperm quality. Mitochondria, which produce ATP, play a key role in sperm motility and activity, including through ion transduction (Ca²⁺). The object of the study were samples of freshly obtained ejaculates and frozen/thawed semen (♂n = 10) of the Tsarskoye Selo breed (selection of the All-Russian Research Institute of Gastroenterology and Gastroenterology) at the age of 61–63 weeks. Study revealed high interindividual variability in volume of native ejaculates and sperm composition. Proportion of cells with elevated intracellular Ca²⁺ levels was significantly higher in live sperm (56.48±3.37%) compared to dead cells (3.51±0.81%). Following a freeze/thaw cycle, population of viable cells with elevated intracellular Ca²⁺ levels in male gametes decreased and formed at 9.97±0.74%. Thus, level of intracellular Ca²⁺ in spermatozoa, in combination with other currently available bioindicators of male gamete stability and functional activity (mitochondrial activity) within framework of sperm quality and cryoresistance assessment protocols, can serve as an effective preventative biomarker for cryopreservation technology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>криоконсервация</kwd><kwd>сперма петухов</kwd><kwd>индивидуальный эякулят</kwd><kwd>внутриклеточные ионы кальция</kwd><kwd>жизнеспособность</kwd><kwd>заморожено/оттаянное семя</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cryopreservation</kwd><kwd>rooster sperm</kwd><kwd>individual ejaculate</kwd><kwd>intracellular calcium ions</kwd><kwd>viability</kwd><kwd>frozen/thawed semen</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РНФ номер проекта 25-16-00131.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the Russian scientific foundation project No. 25-16-00131</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mohammad M. 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