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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2026.1.12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-1982</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIOUS DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биоцидная резистентность клостридий: механизмы устойчивости и современные методы ее преодоления (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biocidal resistance of clostridium: resistance mechanisms and modern methods of overcoming it (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2793-5001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Безбородова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezborodova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. ветеринар. наук, ст. науч. сотр. отдела геномныхисследований и селекции животных </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Vet. Sci., Senior Researcher, Department of Genomic Research and Animal Breeding</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0189-2963</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. техн. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории лейкоза</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Tech. Sci., Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Leukemia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9506-6883</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д-р ветеринар. наук, вед. науч. сотр. лаборатории вирусных инфекций </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Vet. Sci., Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Viral Infections</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3306-8346</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томских</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tomskikh</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. ветеринар. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории вирусных инфекций</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Vet. Sci., Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Viral Infections </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2970-6528</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсупова</surname><given-names>Ч. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusupova</surname><given-names>Ch. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. отдела геномных исследований и селекции животных</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Biol. Sci., Leading Researcher, Department of Genomic Research and Animal Breeding </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1528-1987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суздальцева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suzdaltseva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ст. науч. сотр. отдела ветеринарно-лабораторной диагностики с испытательной лабораторией</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Senior Researcher, Department of Veterinary Laboratory  Diagnostics with Testing Laboratory </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lady.suzdaltseva2014@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Уральский федеральный аграрный научно-исследовательский центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBSI «Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Безбородова Н.А., Романова А.С., Шилова Е.Н., Томских О.Г., Юсупова Ч.Р., Суздальцева М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Безбородова Н.А., Романова А.С., Шилова Е.Н., Томских О.Г., Юсупова Ч.Р., Суздальцева М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bezborodova N.A., Romanova A.S., Shilova E.N., Tomskikh O.G., Yusupova C.R., Suzdaltseva M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1982">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/1982</self-uri><abstract><p>Клостридиозы, вызываемые облигатными анаэробами Cl. perfringens и Cl. difficile, представляют серьезную ветеринарно-медицинскую проблему благодаря уникальной устойчивости их спор к внешним воздействиям и способности формировать биопленки. Основная трудность в борьбе с этими патогенами заключается в их исключительной резистентности к большинству дезинфицирующих средств, что требует разработки специализированных протоколов обработки. В данной статье рассматриваются современные стратегии борьбы с клостридиями, включая комбинацию химических, физических и биологических методов. использование ферментных препаратов, наночастиц металлов и бактериофагов. Приводятся данные последних исследований, посвященных оптимизации дезинфекционных протоколов в животноводческих комплексах и медицинских учреждениях. Также проведенный литературный анализ демонстрирует, что эффективную спороцидную активность проявляет ограниченный круг химических агентов. Наибольшую эффективность in vitro и в производственных условиях показали окислители: надуксусная кислота (PAA, 0,5-2%) и гипохлорит натрия (1-5%). Критически важным фактором стало применение обязательной предварительной механической очистки поверхностей, так как органические загрязнения (белки, жиры) снижают эффективность дезинфицирующих средств на 30-50%. Средства на основе четвертичных аммониевых соединений (ЧАС) и перекись водорода продемонстрировали недостаточную эффективность против спор без комбинации с термическими методами (автоклавирование, пар). Устойчивость клостридий детерминирована генетически и включает гены антиоксидантной защиты (sod, ahpC), споруляции (spo0A, sigK) и биопленкообразования (luxS, eps). В статье описан комплексный подход в борьбе с клостридиями - применение эффективных спороцидных препаратов (PAA, гипохлориты), неукоснительное соблюдение двухэтапного протокола (механическая очистка с последующей химической дезинфекцией), внедрение регулярного микробиологического мониторинга для верификации качества дезинфекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Clostridiosis caused by obligate anaerobes Cl. perfringens and Cl. difficile is a serious veterinary and medical problem due to the unique resistance of their spores to external influences and the ability to form biofilms. The main difficulty in combating these pathogens is their exceptional resistance to most disinfectants, which requires the development of specialized treatment protocols. The article presents data from recent studies on the optimization of disinfection protocols in livestock complexes and medical institutions. Also, the conducted literature analysis demonstrates that a limited range of chemical agents exhibit effective sporicidal activity. The highest efficiency in vitro and under industrial conditions was demonstrated by oxidizing agents: peracetic acid (PAA, 0,5-2%) and sodium hypochlorite (1-5%). A critically important factor was the use of mandatory preliminary mechanical cleaning of surfaces, since organic contaminants (proteins, fats) reduce the efficiency of disinfectants by 30-50%. Products based on quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) and hydrogen peroxide demonstrated insufficient efficiency against spores without a combination with thermal methods (autoclaving, steam). The resistance of clostridia is genetically determined and includes genes of antioxidant protection (sod, ahpC), sporulation (spo0A, sigK) and biofilm formation (luxS, eps). The article describes a comprehensive approach to combating clostridia – the use of effective sporicidal drugs (PAA, hypochlorites), strict adherence to a two-stage protocol (mechanical cleaning followed by chemical disinfection), and the introduction of regular microbiological monitoring to verify the quality of disinfection.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>клостридиозы</kwd><kwd>Clostridium perfringens</kwd><kwd>Clostridium difficile</kwd><kwd>дезинфекция</kwd><kwd>спороцидная активность</kwd><kwd>надуксусная кислота</kwd><kwd>гипохлорит натрия</kwd><kwd>биопленки</kwd><kwd>механическая очистка</kwd><kwd>генетическая устойчивость</kwd><kwd>микробиологический контроль</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>clostridiosis</kwd><kwd>Clostridium perfringens</kwd><kwd>Clostridium difficile</kwd><kwd>disinfection</kwd><kwd>sporicidal activity</kwd><kwd>peracetic acid</kwd><kwd>sodium hypochlorite</kwd><kwd>biofilms</kwd><kwd>mechanical cleaning</kwd><kwd>genetic resistance</kwd><kwd>microbiological control</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Минобрнауки России «Изучение современных особенностей приоритетных патогенов и восприимчивых сельскохозяйственных животных и разработка актуального комплекса диагностических, иммунобиологических препаратов и подходов для управления, прогнозирования и обеспечения эпизоотической и биологической безопасности» (0532-2026- 0006).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was carried out as part of a state assignment from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia, entitled "Study of modern features of priority pathogens and susceptible farm animals and development of an up-to-date complex of diagnostic, immunobiological preparations and approaches for managing, predicting and ensuring epizootic and biological safety" (0532-2026-0006).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Безбородова, Н.А. 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