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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2026.1.203</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-2008</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОХИМИЯ, МОРФОЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOCHEMISTRY, ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль белка бромодомена-4 (BRD4) в регуляции дифференциации и пролиферации стволовых клеток: молекулярные механизмы и терапевтические перспективы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of bromodomain protein-4 (BRD4) in the regulation of stem cell differentiation and proliferation: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8805-617X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доц. каф. иммунологии и биотехнологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Immunology and Biotechnology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3522-0447</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванникова</surname><given-names>Р. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivannikova</surname><given-names>R. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доц. каф. физиологии, фармакологии и токсикологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Associate Professor of the Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Candidate of Biological Sciences</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">regiotf@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1565-2814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бузмакова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buzmakova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>асс. каф. иммунологии и биотехнологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant Professor of the Department of Immunology and Biotechnology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии - MBA имени К.И. Скрябина» (ФГБОУ ВО МГАВМиБ - MBA имени К.И. Скрябина)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology - MVA named after K.I. Skryabin»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>203</fpage><lpage>209</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смирнова Е.А., Иванникова Р.Ф., Бузмакова Н.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смирнова Е.А., Иванникова Р.Ф., Бузмакова Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnova E.A., Ivannikova R.F., Buzmakova N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/2008">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/2008</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью данного обзора явилось понимание, в каких ситуациях блокада белка BRD4 даёт противоопухолевый или антифибротический эффект, а когда она может мешать естественной регенерации тканей. Выполнен целевой обзор публикаций в PubMed, Scopus и Web of Science оригинальных исследовательских работ и клинических испытаний. В анализ включены исследования о роли BRD4 в «суперэнхансерах» участках ДНК, которые усиливают работу генов, данные по регенерации и фиброзу, а также результаты применения ингибиторов семейства BET и деградёров BRD4. BRD4 — ключевой узел, поддерживающий активность генов, определяющих «поведение» клетки; из-за этого многие опухоли, зависящие от суперэнхансеров, становятся уязвимыми к вмешательству в BRD4. Наиболее убедительный клинический эффект показан при миелофиброзе: добавление BET-ингибитора к руксолитинибу превосходит стандартную монотерапию по основным исходам. При раке предстательной железы комбинации с BET-ингибиторами дают воспроизводимый сигнал эффективности в отобранных подгруппах, тогда как монотерапия часто ограниченно активна. Одновременно умтановлено, что длительная или «тотальная» блокада BRD4 может ухудшать функции тканей, где он нужен для поддержания гомеостаза (например, сердца и формирующейся костной ткани), тогда как при кожном фиброзе BET-ингибиция уменьшает активность миофибробластов и выраженность фиброза. Существенен и выбор подхода: пан-BET/BD1-ориентированные режимы более уместны в онкологии; BD2-селективные — при воспалениях и фиброзе; PROTAC-подходы перспективны, но требуют адресной доставки и тщательного контроля безопасности. Блокада BRD4 оправдана там, где доминирует патологическая суперэнхансер-зависимая транскрипция, и эффективнее работает в составе продуманных комбинаций и при биомаркерном отборе пациентов. Длительную системную экспозицию следует избегать в фазах активного восстановления тканей, отдавая предпочтение кратким, локальным или доменно-селективным схемам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim was to identify clinical and biological situations in which BRD4 inhibition provides anti-tumor and/or anti-fibrotic benefit, and when it may interfere with physiological tissue regeneration. A targeted search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identified original research and clinical trials. We included studies on BRD4 function at super-enhancers (genomic regions that strongly amplify gene transcription), data on regeneration and fibrosis, and reports on BET inhibitors and BRD4 degraders. BRD4 is a key node sustaining the activity of genes that determine cellular “behavior”; consequently, tumors dependent on superenhancers are vulnerable to BRD4-directed interventions. The most convincing clinical effect has been shown in myelofibrosis: adding a BET inhibitor to ruxolitinib outperforms standard monotherapy on major endpoints. In prostate cancer, combinations with BET inhibitors show a reproducible signal of efficacy in selected subgroups, whereas BET monotherapy in solid tumors is often only modestly active. At the same time, prolonged or “total” BRD4 blockade can impair functions of tissues that require BRD4 for homeostasis (e.g., the heart and actively forming bone), while BET inhibition reduces myofibroblast activity and dermal fibrosis in preclinical models. Modality matters: panBET/BD1-oriented regimens are more appropriate in oncology; BD2-selective strategies fit inflammatory/fibrotic contexts; PROTAC-based approaches are promising but require targeted delivery and careful safety monitoring. BRD4 inhibition is justified where pathological super-enhancer–dependent transcription predominates and is more effective as part of well-designed combination regimens with biomarker-guided patient selection. Prolonged systemic exposure should be avoided during active tissue repair, favoring short, local, and/or domainselective regimens.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>эпигенетическая регуляция</kwd><kwd>бромодомен- 4 (BRD4)</kwd><kwd>дифференцировка</kwd><kwd>пролиферация</kwd><kwd>суперэнхансеры</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы BET</kwd><kwd>онкогенез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stem cells</kwd><kwd>epigenetic regulation</kwd><kwd>bromodomain-4 (BRD4)</kwd><kwd>differentiation</kwd><kwd>proliferation</kwd><kwd>superenhancers</kwd><kwd>BET inhibitors</kwd><kwd>oncogenesis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hnisz D. et al. Super-enhancers in the control of cell identity and disease. Cell. 2013;155(4):934–947. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.09.053.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hnisz D, et al. 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