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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2026.1.360</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-2026</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКУШЕРСТВО, ГИНЕКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OBSTETRICS, GYNECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние сверхнизких температур на жизнеспособность и морфофункциональную активность сперматозоидов петухов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of ultra-low temperatures on viability and morphofunctional activity of rooster spermatozoa</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4430-4770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курочкин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurochkin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотр. лаборатории биологии развития</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Developmental Biology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kurochkin.anton.66@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-6080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузьмина</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzmina</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, проф., глав. науч. сотрудник, зав. лабораторией биологии развития </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Developmental Biology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4634-7515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плешанов</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pleshanov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> биолог лаборатории биологии развития </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>biologist Laboratory of Developmental Biology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2865-9582</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Притужалова</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prituzhalova</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотр. лаборатории биологии развития </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Researcher, Laboratory of Developmental Biology </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных – филиал Федерального государственного бюджетного научного учреждения «Федеральный  исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л. К. Эрнста»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding — Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Science Center for Animal Husbandry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>360</fpage><lpage>368</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Курочкин А.А., Кузьмина Т.И., Плешанов Н.В., Притужалова А.О., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Курочкин А.А., Кузьмина Т.И., Плешанов Н.В., Притужалова А.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kurochkin A.A., Kuzmina T.I., Pleshanov N.V., Prituzhalova A.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/2026">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/2026</self-uri><abstract><p>В исследовании рассматривается влияние цикла криоконсервации на показатели жизнеспособности и функциональной активности сперматозоидов в индивидуальных эякулятах петухов. Анализ экспериментов выявил, что в свежей сперме доля живых сперматозоидов составляет в среднем 77,16±1,93%, при этом процент клеток с высоким митохондриальным мембранным потенциалом (ΔΨm) остается высоким и составил в среднем значении 81,07±1,52% при низком коэффициенте корреляции (5,93%), что свидетельствует о высокой жизнеспособности и энергетической активности клеток. После криоконсервации наблюдается существенное снижение процента живых клеток (до 52,12±3,99%), а также снижение доли клеток с высоким митохондриальным потенциалом (на 33,41%), и увеличение доли клеток с признаками некроза (на 12,37%). Взаимосвязь между показателями активности митохондрий и жизнеспособности указывает на важную роль митохондриального мембранного потенциала, как прогностического маркера качества заморожено/оттаянного семени. Высокая индивидуальная вариативность показателей после цикла замораживания/оттаивания свидетельствует о гетерогенности популяции петухов породы царскосельская по криоустойчивости, что важно учитывать при разработке эффективных методов криоконсервации. Результаты подчеркивают целесообразность использования показателей жизнеспособности и функциональной активности (митохондриальный мембранный потенциал) при оценке качества и прогнозировании эффективности криосохранности спермы петухов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Study examines impact of cryopreservation cycle on sperm viability and individual functional activity in rooster ejaculates. Analysis revealed that proportion of live cells in fresh semen was at level 77.16±1.93%, while the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) remained high, was at level 81.07±1.52% with a low correlation coefficient (5.93%), indicating good cell viability and energetic activity. After cryopreservation process was observed a significant decreasing in percentage of live cells (to 52.12±3.99%), an increasing in proportion of necrotic cells (by 12.37%), and a decrease in high ΔΨm by almost 33.41%, and an increase in the proportion of cells with signs of necrosis (by 12.37%) are observed. The relationship between mitochondrial activity and viability indicates the important role of mitochondrial membrane potential as a prognostic marker of frozen/thawed semen quality. High individual variability in these parameters after a freeze/thaw cycle indicates heterogeneity in cryopreservation within the tharskoselskaya rooster population, which is important to consider when developing effective cryopreservation methods. The results highlight the usefulness of using viability and functional activity indicators (mitochondrial membrane potential) in assessing the quality and predicting the effectiveness of rooster sperm cryopreservation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>криоустойчивость</kwd><kwd>сперма петухов</kwd><kwd>индивидуальный эякулят</kwd><kwd>митохондриальная активность</kwd><kwd>жизнеспособность</kwd><kwd>криоконсервация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cryostability</kwd><kwd>rooster sperm</kwd><kwd>individual ejaculate</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial activity</kwd><kwd>viability</kwd><kwd>cryopreservation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РНФ номер проекта 25-16-00131.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Funding: The work was supported by the Russian scientific foundation project No. 25-16-00131.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arif A., Zahoor N., Tang J., Tang M., Dong L., Khan S. 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