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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2026.2.26</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-2084</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФЕКЦИОННЫЕ БОЛЕЗНИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFECTIOUS DISEASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ретроспективный анализ распространения вирусной лейкемии и иммунодефицита у кошек</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Retrospective analysis of the spread of viral leukemia and immunodeficiency in cats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Говорова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Govorova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> ветеринарный врач ООО «ЛАБВЕТ-РЕГИОН» </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>veterinarian of LABVET-REGION LLC</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3999-5362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахова</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhova</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, доц., проф. каф. терапии и фармакологии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Therapy and Pharmacology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-8472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беляев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyaev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар. наук, проф., проф. каф. терапии и фармакологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Therapy and Pharmacology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9839-3310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данников</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dannikov</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, доц., проф. кафедры физиологии, хирургии и акушерства</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Physiology, Surgery and Obstetrics </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1939-5925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ожередова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ozheredova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р ветеринар. наук, проф., зав. базовой каф. эпизоотологии и микробиологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Professor, Head of the Basic Department of Epizootology and Microbiology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4445-7638</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Квочко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kvochko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р биол. наук, проф., зав. каф. физиологии, хирургии и акушерства</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Physiology, Surgery and Obstetrics </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kvochko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ставропольский государственный аграрный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Stavropol State Agrarian University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Говорова М.В., Шахова В.Н., Беляев В.А., Данников С.П., Ожередова Н.А., Квочко А.Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Говорова М.В., Шахова В.Н., Беляев В.А., Данников С.П., Ожередова Н.А., Квочко А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Govorova M.V., Shakhova V.N., Belyaev V.A., Dannikov S.P., Ozheredova N.A., Kvochko A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/2084">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/2084</self-uri><abstract><p>Вирус лейкоза кошек представляет собой экзогенный патоген, способный к репликации в широком спектре тканей, включая костный мозг, слюнные железы и респираторный эпителий. При отсутствии адекватного иммунного ответа после первичного инфицирования, патоген мигрирует в костный мозг, где происходит инвазия гемопоэтических клеток-предшественников. Данный вирус относится к наиболее агрессивным ретровирусам семейства кошачьих и провоцирует больше клинических проявлений, чем любой другой патоген, является главной причиной иммунодефицита, онкологических процессов и гибели домашних питомцев. Этот вирусный агент представляет значительный интерес, так как отличается многообразием трудно диагностируемых форм, отсутствием средств, воздействующих непосредственно на причину, и сложностью управления ходом болезни. Цель исследования — проведение ретроспективного анализа распространения вирусной лейкемии и иммунодефицита у кошек. Собраны данные за 2024 и 2025 гг. по образцам крови кошек, разных возрастов и пород. Методом ПЦР-диагностики осуществлялось выявление вируса лейкемии (по РНК и ДНК) и вируса иммунодефицита (ДНК) кошачьих. Мы отметили превалирование количества зарегистрированных случаев у животных до года, от одного года до двух лет и старше 7 лет. За два года наиболее распространенные случаи вирусной лейкемии кошек, содержащей ДНК и РНК (93/75), вируса иммунодефицита кошек (49/48), а также ассоциированной инфекции (ВЛК, содержащая ДНК и РНК и ВИК) (21/19). Породной предрасположенности к рассматриваемым инфекционным заболеваниям не регистрировалось. Преобладание кошек британской и шотландской пород в исследовании объясняется заинтересованностью хозяев в определенной породе и состоянии здоровья животных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Feline leukemia virus (FLV) is an exogenous pathogen capable of replicating in a wide range of tissues, including bone marrow, salivary glands, and respiratory epithelium. In the absence of an adequate immune response after primary infection, the pathogen migrates to the bone marrow, where it invades hematopoietic progenitor cells. This virus is one of the most aggressive feline retroviruses and causes more clinical manifestations than any other pathogen. It is a leading cause of immunodeficiency, cancer, and death in pets. This viral agent is of significant interest due to its diverse and difficult-to-diagnose forms, the lack of treatments that directly address the underlying cause, and the difficulty of disease management. The objective of this study was to retrospectively analyze the prevalence of FLV and FLV in cats. Data was collected from 2024 and 2025 on blood samples from cats of different ages and breeds. PCR diagnostics were used to detect feline leukemia virus (RNA and DNA) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) DNA. We noted a predominance of cases in animals under one year of age, between one and two years of age, and over seven years of age. Over the two years, the most common cases were feline leukemia virus (FVLV) containing DNA and RNA (93/75), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) (49/48), and associated infection (FeLV containing DNA and RNA and FIV) (21/19). No breed predisposition to these infectious diseases was observed. The predominance of British and Scottish cats in the study is explained by owners’ interest in a particular breed and the health status of their animals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ретровирус</kwd><kwd>вирусная лейкемия кошек</kwd><kwd>тропизм</kwd><kwd>иммуносупрессия</kwd><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retrovirus</kwd><kwd>feline leukemia virus</kwd><kwd>tropism</kwd><kwd>immunosuppression</kwd><kwd>human immunodeficiency virus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вирцер М. А., Огнева А. А. 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