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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17238/issn2072-2419.2021.1.205</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-633</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОХИМИЯ, МОРФОЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOCHEMISTRY, ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разнообразие форм клостридий в рубцовом содержимом дойных коров и коров на откорме</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Variety of clostridia forms in the rumen content of milking cows and finished cows</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеева</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseeva</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>асп. каф. микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate student of the Department of Microbiology, virology and immunology </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарлавин</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarlavin</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>асс. каф. эпизоотологии им. В.П. Урбана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Epizootology. named V.P. Urban </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веретенников</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veretennikov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>асс. кафедры эпизоотологии им. В.П. Урбана</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Epizootology named V.P. Urban</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухинин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhinin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., профессор кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Microbiology, virology and immunology of </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Йылдырым</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yildirim</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., биотехнолог молекулярно-генетической лаборатории</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, biotechnologist of the molecular genetic laboratory </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаб. отд.молекулярной диагностики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>laboratory assistant at the Department of Molecular Diagnostics </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баимова</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baimova</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаб. исследователь лаборатории зооантропонозных инфекций</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Laboratory assistant researcher at the Laboratory of Zooanthroponous Infections </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО СПбГУВМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FSBEI HE SPbSUVM</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО Биотроф</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC "Biotrof"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО Эксплана</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Explan LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Пастера</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pasteur Institute.</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>205</fpage><lpage>209</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Моисеева К.А., Тарлавин Н.В., Веретенников В.В., Сухинин А.А., Йылдырым Е.А., Попова М.Р., Баимова Р.Р., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Моисеева К.А., Тарлавин Н.В., Веретенников В.В., Сухинин А.А., Йылдырым Е.А., Попова М.Р., Баимова Р.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Moiseeva K.A., Tarlavin N.V., Veretennikov V.V., Sukhinin A.A., Yildirim E.A., Popova M.R., Baimova R.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/633">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/633</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена изучению бактериального состава микробиома рубца коров с целью дифференциации бактерий вида Clostridium в содержимом рубца, в зависимости от продуктивности и типа кормления. Тема исследования является актуальной, так как микробиом рубца коров напрямую влияет на физиологические показатели как коров дойного стада, так и коров на откорме. Некоторые энтеротоксинпродуцирующие грамположительные облигатно анаэробные бактерии класса Clostridia нередко являются причиной развития гистотоксических инфекций. Однако необходимо понимать, что большинство клостридий вовсе не являются возбудителями инфекционных болезней, а участвуют в обменных процессах, протекающих в рубце, способствуя поддержанию жизнедеятельности и способствуя увеличению сельскохозяйственной продукции.</p><p>Большой диагностической ценностью обладает метод NGS-секвенирования, используемый в исследовании микробиома рубца двух групп коров – коров на откорме и коров дойного стада. Результаты исследования сведены в Таблицу 1. Таксономическую принадлежность микроорганизмов до рода определяли в программе RDP Classifier (http://rdp.cme.msu.edu/). При исследовании образцов, полученных от коров на откорме, наиболее часто встречался представитель семейства Ruminococcaceae, бактерия Clostridium viride, содержание которой достигало 2,6% от всех микроорганизмов, обнаруженных в содержимом рубца коров. Данная бактерия имеет в качестве продуктов ферментации (в зависимости от субстрата роста) аммиак, ацетат, пропионат, бутират и валерат, что имеет большое значение для физиологических показателей крупного рогатого скота, поскольку влияет на рост и развитие ворсинок рубца. В образцах, полученных от дойных коров, количество данных бактерий достигало 2,1% от всех обнаруженных микроорганизмов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the study of the bacterial composition of the rumen microbiome of cows in order to differentiate Clostridium bacteria in the rumen contents, depending on the productivity and type of feeding. The research topic is relevant, since the rumen microbiome of cows directly affects the physiological parameters of both dairy herd and fattening cows. Some enterotoxinproducing gram-positive obligate anaerobic bacteria of the Clostridia class are often the cause of the development of histotoxic infections. However, it must be understood that most clostridia are not at all causative agents of infectious diseases, but are involved in metabolic processes in the rumen, contributing to the maintenance of vital activity and contributing to an increase in agricultural production. The NGS-sequencing method used in the study of the rumen microbiome of two groups of cows - fattening cows and dairy cows - has great diagnostic value. The results of the study are summarized in Table 1. The taxonomic affiliation of microorganisms to genus was determined using the RDP Classifier program (http://rdp.cme.msu.edu/). In the study of samples obtained from fattening cows, the most common representative of the Ruminococcaceae family, the bacterium Clostridium viride, the content of which reached 2.6% of all microorganisms found in the contents of the rumen of cows. This bacterium has ammonia, acetate, propionate, butyrate and valerate as fermentation products (depending on the growth substrate), which is of great importance for the physiological parameters of cattle, since it affects the growth and development of rumen villi. In samples obtained from dairy cows, the number of these bacteria reached 2.1% of all detected microorganisms.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>NGS-секвенирование</kwd><kwd>рубец</kwd><kwd>лактирующие коровы</kwd><kwd>коровы на откорме</kwd><kwd>микробиом жвачных</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>NGS sequencing</kwd><kwd>rumen</kwd><kwd>lactating cows</kwd><kwd>fattening cows</kwd><kwd>ruminant microbiome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пудовкин Д.Н., Щепеткина С.В., Карпенко Л.Ю., Ришко О.А. Болезни молодняка крупного рогатого скота: практические рекомендации (издание второе, дополненное). СПб. Издательство ФГБОУ ВПО «СПбГАВМ», 2019 г. –204 с. с иллюстрациями.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Пудовкин Д.Н., Щепеткина С.В., Карпенко Л.Ю., Ришко О.А. 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