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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2022.2.134</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-882</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОХИМИЯ, АНАТОМИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOCHEMISTRY, ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Идентификация полиморфизма гена APAF1 у голштинского скота</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of polymorphism in APAF1 gene in holstein cattle</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафина</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safina</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.б.н., с.н.с. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> candidate of biological sciences, senior researcher </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаттахова</surname><given-names>З. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fattakhova</surname><given-names>Z. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.б.н., с.н.с.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> candidate of biological sciences, senior researcher </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайнутдинова</surname><given-names>Э. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaynutdinova</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> н.с. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> researcher </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шакиров</surname><given-names>Ш. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakrov</surname><given-names>Sh. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д.с.-х.н., проф., г.н.с. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> doctor of agricultural sciences, professor, chief researcher </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Татарский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства ФИЦ КазНЦ РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture “Kazan Scientific Center of Russia Academy of Sciences”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>134</fpage><lpage>139</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сафина Н.Ю., Фаттахова З.Ф., Гайнутдинова Э.Р., Шакиров Ш.К., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сафина Н.Ю., Фаттахова З.Ф., Гайнутдинова Э.Р., Шакиров Ш.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Safina N.Y., Fattakhova Z.F., Gaynutdinova E.R., Shakrov S.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/882">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/882</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлены данные ДНК-тестирования крупного рогатого скота голштинской породы по гену APAF1, Изучена структура татарстанской популяции в сравнении с мировым опытом. Цель исследования – изучить аллельный полиморфизм гена фактора 1, активирующего апоптические протеазы (APAF1; g.C6315040T; p.Gln579Q→X), – причины гаплотипа фертильности (HH1), в отечественной популяции голштинского скота Республики Татарстан. Методы. Генетическое типирование проводилось методом ПЦР -ПДРФ с последующим электрофоретическим разделением в агарозном геле в присутствии бромида этидия. Впервые в Республике Татарстан в условиях СХПК «ПЗ им. Ленина» проведена идентификация крупного рогатого скота по локусу гена APAF1 - BstC8 I, оценено генетическое равновесие и структура популяции. В результате генодиагностики были идентифицированы два аллеля и три генотипа. Частота встречаемости аллелей Q и X составила 0,988 и 0,012; генотипов QQ и QX – 97,5 и 2,5 % соответственно. Поскольку гомозиготные XXэмбрионы не выживают, они никогда не встречаются среди рожденных животных. Тестированием методом хи-квардат показало, что исследуемая популяция находится в генетическом равновесии согласно закону Харди-Вайнберга. Наши исследования подтверждают незначительную долю присутствия животных - носителей летального аллеля в популяции голштинского скота отчеественной селекции Республики Татарстан. Для сдерживания распространения мутантного аллеля X гена фактора 1 активирующего апоптические протеазы, при отборе и подборе пар для селекционно-племенной работы, рекомендуется проводить ДНК-тестирование полиморфзма гена APAF1.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents the data of DNA testing of Holstein cattle by the APAF1 gene. The structure of the Tatarstan population was studied in comparison with world experience. The aim of the study was to study the allelic polymorphism of the apoptosis peptide activating factor 1 gene (APAF1; g.C6315040T; p.Gln579Q→X), the cause of the fertility haplotype (HH1), in the domestic population of Holstein cattle of the Republic of Tatarstan. Genotyping was carried out by PCR-RFLP followed by electrophoretic separation in agarose gel in the presence of ethidium bromide. For the first time in the Republic of Tatarstan in the conditions of the Dairy farm "named Lenin” carried out the identification of cattle by the locus of APAF1 - BstC8 I, assessed the genetic equilibrium and structure of the population. As a result of gene diagnostics, two alleles and three genotypes were identified. The frequency of occurrence of alleles Q and X was 0.988 and 0.012; genotypes QQ and QX – 97.5 and 2.5%, respectively. Since homozygous XX embryos do not survive, they are never found among born animals. Chi-quad testing showed that the studied population is in genetic equilibrium according to the Hardy-Weinberg law. Our studies confirm an insignificant share of the presence of animals-carriers of the lethal allele in the population of Holstein cattle of domestic selection of the Republic of Tatarstan. In order to contain the spread of the mutant allele X of the apoptosis peptide activating factor 1 gene, it is recommended to conduct DNA testing of polymorphism of the APAF1 gene during the selection of pairs for breeding.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ген</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>ПЦР-ПДРФ</kwd><kwd>APAF1</kwd><kwd>HH1</kwd><kwd>Фактор 1</kwd><kwd>активирующий апоптические протеазы</kwd><kwd>гаплотип фертильности</kwd><kwd>эмбриональная смерть</kwd><kwd>крупный рогатый скот</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gene</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd><kwd>PCR-RLFP</kwd><kwd>APAF1</kwd><kwd>HH1</kwd><kwd>apoptosis peptide activating factor 1</kwd><kwd>reproduction function</kwd><kwd>embryonic death</kwd><kwd>cattle</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках государственного задания: Экологогенетические подходы к созданию и сохранению ресурсов растений и животных, расширению их адаптивного потенциала и биоразнообразия, разработка сберегающих агротехнологий с целью повышения устойчивости производства высококачественной продукции, достижения безопасности для здоровья человека и окружающей среды. 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