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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ivm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Международный вестник ветеринарии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International Journal of Veterinary Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-2419</issn><publisher><publisher-name>SpbGUVM Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52419/issn2072-2419.2022.4.203</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ivm-988</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООГИГИЕНА, САНИТАРИЯ, КОРМЛЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ZOOHYGIENE, SANITATION, FEEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные молекулярно-генетические технологии для формирования перечня представителей нормальной микрофлоры птицы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern molecular genetic technologies for forming a list of representatives normal bird microflora</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8924-2273</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прасолова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prasolova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.в.н., ведущий научный сотрудник </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4695-1077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малик</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malik</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> д.б.н., главный научный сотрудник </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6274-5265</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солтынская</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soltynskaya</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> заведующий отделом </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1549-1984</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богомазова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogomazova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.б.н., заведующий лабораторией </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0080-0158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.б.н., ведущий научный сотрудник</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7836-3010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малик</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malik</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> к.в.н., ведущий научный сотрудник </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Всероссийский государственный Центр качества и стандартизации лекарственных средств для животных и кормов («ВГНКИ»)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ Всероссийский государственный Центр качества и стандартизации лекарственных средств для животных и кормов («ВГНКИ»);&#13;
ФГБУ Федеральный научноклинический центр физико-химической медицины ФМБА</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Russian State Center for Animal Feed and Drug Standardization and Quality;&#13;
Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of Physical and Chemical Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>203</fpage><lpage>210</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Прасолова О.В., Малик Н.И., Солтынская И.В., Богомазова А.Н., Крылова Е.В., Малик Е.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Прасолова О.В., Малик Н.И., Солтынская И.В., Богомазова А.Н., Крылова Е.В., Малик Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Prasolova O.V., Malik N.I., Soltynskaya I.V., Bogomazova A.N., Krylova E.V., Malik E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/988">https://vetjournal.spbguvm.ru/jour/article/view/988</self-uri><abstract><p>Результаты метагеномного анализа выявили высокое филогенетическое и таксономическое разнообразие микробного сообщества как просветной, так и мукозной микрофлоры кишечного микробиома птицы. Анализ таксономической структуры сравниваемых микробиомов показал, как сходство, так и различия в таксономическом разнообразии и относительном обилии (%) бактерий сравниваемых микробиомов на уровне порядка, класса, рода.На уровне типов в просветном и мукозном микробиоме кишечника птицы идентифицировано 24 таксономические категории, на уровне класса 35, на уровне порядка 75, на уровне семейства 168, на уровне рода – 350.Основную долю микробного сообщества просветного и мукозного микробиома составляли микроорганизмы, относящиеся к типам Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria Cyanobacteria и Bacteroidetes. Сравнение биологического разнообразия толстокишечного и мукозного микробиомов на уровне филума показало, что относительная величина Proteobacteria по отношению к Firmicutes в мукозном микробиоме было в 3,25 раза выше, а соотношение Firmicutes к Bacteroidetes в толстокишечном микробиоме в 3,98 раза выше, чем в мукозном.На уровне рода различия в составе микробиомов проявились большей относительной долей (по убывающей) в просветном микробиоме представителей рода Lactobacillus, Candidatus Arthromitus, Romboutsia, Gallibacterium, Campylobacter, Enterococcus, и представителей рода Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus, Bacillus и Bradyrhizobium в мукозном. Углублённое изучение кишечной микробиоты с использованием приемов культивирования и высокотехнологичных методов идентификации микроорганизмов с учетом результатов метагеномного анализа позволяет значительно расширить представление о видовом многообразии микробиомов и функциях представителей различных таксонов в поддержании здоровья птицы, а также для формирования переписи представителей нормальной микрофлоры птицы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of the metagenomic analysis revealed a high phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity of the microbial community of both luminal and mucosal microflora of the bird intestinal microbiome. Analysis of the taxonomic structure of the compared microbiomes showed both similarities and differences in the taxonomic diversity and relative abundance (%) of bacteria of the compared microbiomes at the level of order, class, genus.At the type level, 24 taxonomic categories were identified in the luminal and mucosal intestinal microbiome of birds, at the class level 35, at the order level 75, at the family level 168, at the genus level 350.The main share of the microbial community of the luminal and mucosal microbiome was made up of microorganisms belonging to the Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidetes phyla. Comparison of the biological diversity of the colonic and mucosal microbiomes at the phylum level showed that the relative value of Proteobacteria in relation to Firmicutes in the mucosal microbiome was 3.25 times higher, and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in the colonic microbiome was 3.98 times higher. than in mucosal.At the genus level, differences in the composition of microbiomes were manifested by a greater relative share (in decreasing order) in the luminal microbiome of representatives of the genus Lactobacillus, Candidatus Arthromitus, Romboutsia, Gallibacterium, Campylobacter, Enterococcus, and representatives of the genus Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus, Bacillus and Bradyrhizobium in the mucosal microbiome. An in-depth study of the intestinal microbiota using cultivation techniques and high-tech methods for identifying microorganisms, taking into account the results of metagenomic analysis, can significantly expand the understanding of the species diversity of microbiomes and the functions of representatives of various taxa in maintaining bird health, as well as to form a census of representatives of normal bird microflora.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиом</kwd><kwd>метагеномное секвенирование</kwd><kwd>коллекционная деятельность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiome</kwd><kwd>metagenomic sequencing</kwd><kwd>collection activity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование финансировалось Федеральной службой по ветеринарному и фитосанитарному надзору, научноисследовательский проект №122012700127-9 «Диагностика состояния нормальной микробиоты желудочнокишечного тракта сельскохозяйственной птицы под воздействием антимикробных и пробиотических препаратов для разработки и осуществления мер по ее сохранению или восстановлению».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van den Berg, N.I., Machado, D., Santos, S. et al. 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