Anatomo-topographical justification of anesthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve of domestic cat

Abstract

The publication presents anatomotopographical substantiation of mandibular anesthesia in the domestic cat. The research was carried out on the basis of the Department of Anatomy and Histology of Animals named after Prof. A.F. Klimov and Veterinary Surgery of the K.I. Skryabin Moscow State Automobile Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biology. The object of the study was a domestic cat (Felis catus) (n=45) aged from 1 to 10 years. The material for the study were mandibles (n=15) and review radiographs of the head region (n=30). We used a complex methodical approach including: anatomical preparation for the purpose of skeletonization of the head, macromorphometry with determination of skeletotopic landmarks of the mandible, overview radiography of the bone structure of the head with subsequent decoding of the obtained information and radiogrammetry in the program “RadiAnt”, as well as statistical processing of the obtained digital data was carried out according to the generally accepted methods. In the analysis of mandibles and review radiographs, we have established species-specific and individual features of anatomo-topographic landmarks (mental and mandibular foramen) corresponding to the structural formations of the mandibular canal in the domestic cat. Thus the shape, variations and skeletotopia of the studied foramen are described. On the basis of the obtained results of macroscopic morphometry and radiogrammetry the skeletotopic landmarks of the mandibular canal-forming foramen are presented, which should be taken into account during mandibular anesthesia. The obtained results are basic for the development of new accesses to the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve when performing mandibular anesthesia in veterinary dentistry.