VARIABILITY OF MICROSTRUCTURE OF QUADRICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE OF BROILER CHICKENS CROSS “COBB-500” ON THE BACKGROUND OF FEED ADDITIVES APPLICATION

Under experimental conditions, the effect of different feed additives (prebiotic, probiotic, sorbent) on the structure of the rectus head of quadriceps femoris muscle of broiler chickens of meat cross “Cobb-500” (age 35 days) was studied on the basis of light and transmission electron microscopy and micromorphometry methods. The chickens were divided into four groups. In the control group chickens received the basic diet, and in three experimental groups prebiotic, probiotic, sorbent of domestic production was added to it. Light-optical studies determined the ratio of muscle fibers and connective tissue component in the muscle structure, dimensional indices of muscle fibers and their bundles, thickness of endomysium and perimysium, the degree of vascularization of the muscle. At the ultrastructural level, the thickness and packing density of myofibrils, as well as the degree of development of the mitochondrial apparatus of muscle fibers were assessed. It was shown that probiotic administration was accompanied by compaction of muscle structure due to a decrease in the representation of connective tissue component, an increase in the number of largediameter muscle fibers, and better development of mitochondrial network in muscle fibers. Application of prebiotic resulted in activation of metabolic processes in muscle fibers against the background of increase in the total area of mitochondria, increase in the representation of large fibers in the structure of muscle bundles, but the muscle structure was loose due to significant representation of connective tissue component of muscle. When sorbent was used, the muscle structure was characterized by an increase in the representation of connective tissue (more than in other groups), which led to lose packing of muscle fibers in bundles, as well as the predominance of muscle fibers of small and medium diameter in the structure, which was accompanied by an insignificant increase in the total area of mitochondria. The obtained data indicate a different effect of feed additives on tissue metabolism, which leads to changes in the structure of quadriceps muscle of broiler chickens of experimental groups. The obtained data should be taken into account when formulating diets in industrial poultry farming.

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