Trophico-ecological relations of predatory parasites mammals of Uzbekistan

The aim of this study is to identify the current species composition of helminths in carnivorous mammals in Uzbekistan, the pathways of parasite community formation, and the ecological characteristics of epizootologically significant species. This study also aims to substantiate the ecological and epizootological foundations for the prevention of parasitic diseases in animals. The material for this study was parasitofaunal collections from domestic and wild Carnivora carnivores from various regions of Uzbekistan. The trophic and ecological relationships between helminths and their carnivorous mammal hosts Canidae, Mustelidae, and Felidae of Uzbekistan were studied. The species diversity of helminths in domestic and wild carnivores has been established. The faunal composition of helminths in the studied carnivorous mammals is represented by four main taxonomic groups: Cestoda, Trematoda, Acanthocephala, and Nematoda, comprising a total of 70 species. Taxonomic analysis revealed a clear gradation based on the degree of host infestation: the highest species richness of helminths is characteristic of the Canidae family, with 51 species, followed by the Felidae family with 40 species, while the Mustelidae family exhibits the least diversity, with 35 species. Within families, the highest parasite species diversity was recorded in the fox (Vulpes vulpes) with 42 species and the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) with 32 species. In contrast, the lowest values were observed in the weasel (Mustela nivalis) and otter (Lutra lutra). Based on their biological cycle, the helminths we recorded are classified as homoxenous (10 species) and heteroxenous (60 species). Oligochaete species, mollusks, crustaceans, and insects have been identified as intermediate hosts for carnivorous helminths. Helminth species of epizootological and epidemiological significance have been identified.

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