Seasonal dynamics of bovine strongyloidosis in livestock farms of the Amur region

The aim of this study was to determine the seasonal prevalence of strongyloidiasis in cattle on livestock farms in the Amur Region. Cattle were tested for strongyloidiasis at several livestock farms in the Amur Region. A total of 1,280 fecal samples were collected monthly from the same groups of animals throughout the calendar year. Coprological examination of the samples was performed for the presence of nematode eggs and larvae using the sedimentation method (acetic acid-ether). The samples were cultured for 8—10 days, and then the presence of nematode larvae was determined using the Berman method. The prevalence of infestation was calculated and the coefficient of variation (seasonal dynamics) of S. papillosus in cattle was determined. The average monthly prevalence of infestation was 17,2 %. Peak values were recorded in the winter-spring and summer periods: January (EI 21,8 %), March (EI 22,6 %), April (EI 19,6 %), June (EI 23,6 %), August (EI 21,8 %), with p<0,001. The summer peak is associated with the accumulation of larvae in pastures. The winterspring peak is associated with the activation of S. papillosus larvae in favorable indoor conditions against the background of decreased resistance of animals. The period of low infestation (decline) was noted in July (EI 5,5 %), October (EI 9,6 %), November (EI 11,0 %) with p<0,05 and February (5,6 %). Strongyloidiasis is recorded in all seasons of the year with varying values: spring (Kc = 25,5 %), summer (Kc = 43,6 %), autumn (Kc = 16,8 %), and winter (Kc = 14,1 %). The most epizootic season for strongyloidiasis in cattle is summer (Kc = 43,6 %). S. papillosus infestation is persistent and has a pronounced seasonality; the coefficient of variation was 41,0 %, which must be taken into account when planning timely diagnostic, treatment, and preventive measures.

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