THE EFFECT OF THE PROBIOTIC “BACELL-M” ON THE MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE LIVER OF COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO)

Abstract

Fish farming is one of the important branches of agriculture. Success in this area largely depends on the efficiency of feed use, which makes rational feeding of fish one of the most important aspects of their breeding. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the morphofunctional state of the liver in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) after the inclusion of the probiotic “Bacell-M” in the fish diet. During the experiment, market-size carp weighing 800-900 grams were used. For baseline research, biological material was collected from common carp across all experimental groups for cytomorphological analysis. The fish were divided into two main groups. The first group (control, n=600) received a standard diet, while the second group (n=600) was fed the same diet supplemented with the probiotic Bacell-M at a dose of 2 kg/ton for 30 days. Slaughter and biological sampling for all groups (n=6) were performed at two time points: 14 days and 35 days after the start of the experiment.
The results of the study demonstrated that the probiotic exerted positive effects, such as supporting the integrity of the liver's vascular and parenchymal structures, reducing lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, decreasing inflammatory infiltrates, and maintaining microcirculation within the liver. To assess these effects, we measured the expression of the GPx-1 gene, which plays a key role in cellular defense against oxidative stress.