Evaluation of the immunomodulating potential of various doses of the feed additive "Galluasorb" in combined mycotoxicosis

Immunotoxicity can be one of the most critical factors, with far-reaching consequences, leading to significant economic losses in the livestock industry. Therefore, the search for protective strategies against immunotoxicity caused by the simultaneous presence of several of the most dangerous mycotoxins in animal feed is urgent. The Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety has developed a multifunctional feed additive, "Galluasorb," based on halloysite from a domestic deposit. The composition of the feed additive has been carefully developed based on the pathogenesis of mycotoxicoses and includes, in addition to halloysite, methionine, milk thistle meal and β-glucans. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of various doses of the feed additive "Galluasorb" in combined mycotoxicosis of white rats. The experiments were conducted on 60 white rats weighing 150-170 g, which were divided into five groups of twelve rats each. To reproduce mycotoxicosis and evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of the feed additive, rats of the second through fifth groups with a basic diet were given crystalline mycotoxins for 21 days: aflatoxin B1 - 2.5 mg/kg; T-2 toxin - 5 mg/kg; Zearalenone – 2.0 mg/kg of feed, rats of the third, fourth, and fifth groups additionally received 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5% of the feed additive from the diet. On days 7, 14, and 21 of the experiment, the parameters of humoral (Blymphocytes, bactericidal, and lysozyme activity of blood serum) and cellular defense of the body (the content of T-lymphocytes, leukocytes, and lymphocytes, phagocytic activity of neutrophils, including the phagocytic index, phagocytic number, and phagocytic capacity) were studied. It was shown that the feed additive "Galluasorb" has an immunomodulatory potential in combined mycotoxicosis. Doses of 0.25-0.5% of the diet were the most effective in reducing the toxic effects of T-2 toxin, zearalenone, and aflatoxin B1. However, in case of subacute mycotoxicosis, adding the feed additive "Galluasorb" at a dose of 0.25% of the diet is the most optimal from an economic point of view, since increasing the dose from 0.25% to 0.5% does not lead to increased effectiveness.

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