Anatomical and topographic features of branching of the cranial mesenteric artery of the black Pushkin sable

The sable of the black Pushkin breed is a typical representative of the marten family, possessing a number of morphofunctional adaptations due to the predatory type of diet and environmental features. Fur farming remains an important branch of domestic animal husbandry, and the growing interest in intensive breeding of this species necessitates an in-depth study of the morphological features of its internal organs and vascular system. The importance of the digestive process in animals cannot be overestimated, since it provides the body with the necessary plastic and energy resources through a complex chain of hydrolytic, motor-evacuation and absorption mechanisms. The aim of the study was to study the ways of forming branches of the cranial mesenteric artery and to provide detailed morphotopic and morphometric characteristics of intestinal arteries in this species of fur–bearing animals. The analysis of the presented morphometric data on the age-related features of the course and branching of the cranial mesenteric artery in male and female sables of the black Pushkin breed makes it possible to identify clear patterns of growth of all the studied structures with age, as well as minor sex differences. The revealed age-related dynamics of vascular diameter is biologically appropriate and is associated with an increase in metabolic needs, intestinal volume and the completion of the structural formation of its bloodstream. It was found that the cranial mesenteric artery departs from the abdominal aorta at the level of the second and third lumbar vertebrae. From the cranial mesenteric artery sequentially depart: the caudal pancreatic-duodenal artery, the common trunk of the right colon, middle colon and iliac-colon arteries, as well as eight to twelve arteries of the jejunum. The final branch is the ileo-intestinal artery, anastomosing with the ileo-colon artery. Changes in the main and dichotomous type of vascular branching in the jejunum wall are described. The features of vascularization of the ileumcolon transition zone due to the absence of a cecum in representatives of the marten family are noted.

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