Morphobiochemical blood parameters in newborn calves in the context of subclinical ketosis in cows

One of the common metabolic disorders in high-yielding animals is ketosis in dairy cows, which is accompanied by an increase in toxic substances in the blood of pregnant cows, and in newborn calves can manifest as a whole range of metabolic disturbances. The aim of this study is to evaluate the morphobiochemical blood parameters of calves born to clinically healthy heifers and those with signs of subclinical ketosis in Holstein breed. Two groups of Holstein calves aged four days were formed at a specialized farm in the Kostroma region: Group 1 (control) — calves born to healthy heifers (n=10), Group 2 (experimental) — calves born to heifers with signs of subclinical ketosis (n=20). In samples of venous blood from the calves, hematological and biochemical parameters were determined: the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin, platelets, leukocytes and their fractions, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, MPV indices, hematocrit, ESR, levels of ketone bodies, and glucose; in serum, the levels of total protein, albumin, globulins, albumin-globulin ratio, total, direct, and indirect bilirubin, creatinine, triglycerides, cholesterol, urea, and enzymatic activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase, as well as the De Ritis ratio were determined. The numerical data were processed using variance statistics with the MS Excel program. Based on the conducted research, it was established that on the 4th day after birth, calves born to Holstein heifers with signs of subclinical ketosis showed changes in their hematological and biochemical profiles: a higher level of ketone bodies in the blood, statistically significant differences in the leukogram of the calvespredominance of lymphocytes and a higher level of monocytes; lower protein content, with significantly higher values of the albumin-globulin ratio and low levels of globulin fraction proteins against a backdrop of high creatinine concentration in the blood. The enzymatic activity in the blood of calves from affected heifers was characterized by higher levels of ALP, GGT, and ALT, with significantly lower values of the De Ritis ratio.

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