Anatomical features of the pelvic limb muscles in the noble spotted deer

At present, reindeer husbandry, in comparison with other branches of animal husbandry, is still insufficiently developed in the Russian Federation, at the same time, deer farms are a very promising branch of animal husbandry. Further development of this sub-sector is of great importance for the agro-industrial complex of Russia. Since 2021, support for reindeer husbandry has been allocated in a separate direction of subsidies, including for the purchase of breeding breeding stock. Deer eco-farms located near cities have the opportunity to become part of the tourism industry. In addition, animals are a source of valuable products-dietary meat, high-quality leather raw materials, various types of medicines. However, to date, morphological features of deer representatives have been studied extremely insufficiently. This article presents the anatomical features of the flexors of the hip joint in the subspecies of the red deer – spotted deer. In particular, the points of fixation of the large lumbar, lateral and medial heads of the iliac muscle, tailor's and scallop muscles have been clarified. Topical bone landmarks on the pelvic (nameless) and femoral bones that are absent in the available literature have been identified: "medial crest of the iliac wing", "roughness of the short tendon of the tailor's muscle" on the iliac bone; "roughness of the scallop muscle" on the femur. The purpose of this study is to establish anatomical and topographic features of flexor muscles and adductors of the hip joint in the noble spotted deer, to determine the points of their fixation and to assess the functional significance of the studied structures.
The research was carried out at the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MBA named after K.I. Scriabin. The object of the study was a mature noble spotted deer (n=5), selected in the hunting farm of the Moscow region. The methods of fine macro- and microanatomic preparation according to Vorobyov were used, followed by functional analysis of the studied structures and skeletotopic projection of the points of attachment of parts of the muscle. The revealed anatomical features of the studied muscles are the reference in assessing the structural and functional state of the musculoskeletal system of the hip joint in the noble spotted deer.

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