Comparative analysis of post-slaughter diagnosis of bovine leukemia using an immunodiffusion reaction and enzyme immunoassay

Bovine leukemia is studied both intravitally and after slaughter of animals by different methods (serological, pathomorphological, histological, etc.). In this regard, the objective was defined: to apply RID and ELISA after slaughter of animals in diagnostics of bovine leukemia in the comparative analysis. Materials and methods: the main material for the study was 305 washings taken from carcasses and offal of animals. Of these, 185 animals were seronegative during their lifetime to BLV, and 120 heads of cattle did not undergo diagnostic tests for leukemia. The peculiarity of the methods used was that these methods (ELISA, RID) are applicable in detecting antibodies found in muscle tissue fluid (plasma, lymph) to the antigen of the bovine leukemia virus (BLV). Results of the studies: out of 185 seronegative animals tested during life, 160 heads were re-tested in RID after slaughter, and 25 were analyzed by ELISA. Both reactions (RID, ELISA) confirmed the absence of antibodies to BLV in these animals after slaughter. At the same time, diagnostic studies (ELISA and RID) were performed on swabs obtained from the carcasses (by-products) of 120 heads of cattle that were not tested for leukemia during life. Positive post-mortem results for bovine leukemia were obtained from four samples (4 (3.3%) out of 120 (homogeneous substrate)) in RID, and ELISA revealed specific antibodies to the BLV gp51 antigen in muscle tissue fluid in six (6 (5.0%) out of 120 samples) of the studied carcasses. Conclusion: the use of the ELISA method allowed us to identify two additional positive samples for bovine leukemia, which exceeds the sensitivity of the RID by 33.3%. The obtained data indicate a higher sensitivity of the ELISA method in identifying animals infected with BLV.

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18. Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation dated April 28, 2022 No. 269 "On Approval of Veterinary Rules for the slaughter of animals and Veterinary Rules for the appointment and conduct of veterinary and sanitary examination of meat and products of slaughter (fishing) of animals intended for processing and (or) sale" (Registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on 06/02/2022 No. 68718).