Morphofunctional characteristics of bone regenerate formed under conditions of application by secretory multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells

Modern technologies open up prospects for using new effective methods of stimulating reparative osteogenesis in order to optimize patient treatment outcomes. The aim of the study was to present microscopic and biomechanical characteristics of rat diaphysis and femoral bone regeneration formed on the 120th day after surgery and the use of MMSC secretome. The results of experimental study of structural and biomechanical characteristics of rat femoral diaphysis regenerate on the 120th day of reparative osteogenesis after induction of bone defect under the conditions of application of an innovative regenerative preparation - secretome of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells – are presented. Bone samples in which saline solution was injected into the area of osteorepair, as well as intact rat femurs served as control. The material was studied by light microscopy, microscopic morphometry and biomechanical tests. It was found that in the experimental group the regenerate is compacted, has histotypic features and is formed mainly by lamellar bone tissue. In the control group, the regenerate is thinner than in the experimental group, has no histotypic features, and in its structure, there is a greater representation of reticulofibrous bone tissue compared to the experimental group. Both in the experimental and control groups the remodeling of the regenerate is not completed. Obviously, this affects the strength characteristics of the bone. Biomechanical tests have shown that the femur bones of animals of the experimental and control groups are inferior to intact samples in terms of strength characteristics. At the same time, experimental samples exceed control samples by 25%, which corresponds to the results of morphological studies.

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