A case of spontaneous osteosarcoma in a female green marmoset

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant tumor of bone tissue in humans, laboratory animals, and domestic animals. The causes of OS remain unknown in most cases. OC can affect any part of the skeleton, but is most often localized in long bones. OS is characterized by diffuse infiltrative growth, rapid dissemination via blood vessels and the development of multiple metastases in the lungs. To reliably verify the diagnosis of OS, it is necessary to compare the results of an X-ray examination of the lesion with data obtained from a morphological examination of biopsy or surgical material obtained from tumor tissue. This article describes a rare case of spontaneously occurring OS of the proximal humerus with multiple metastatic nodes in the lungs in a mature female green monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops ssp.). A large tumor mass destroyed the cortical layer and periosteum of the humerus, grew into adjacent tissues, and multiple metastases were found in the lungs. Microscopically, the tumor was an anaplastic mesenchymal neoplasm with invasive growth and foci of ossification and the formation of neoplastic bone tissue (osteoid). Atypical cells of tumor tissue had different shapes, structures and sizes. To our knowledge, this is the first described case of OS manifestation in the appendicular skeleton in the green monkey. The occurrence of spontaneous OS in lower monkeys and the similarity of pathological changes at the macro- and microscopic levels indicates the possibility of using these animals as a natural model for studying similar pathology in
humans.

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