Mycotoxicological monitoring of feed in the territory Omsk region

Abstract

Contamination of feed with mycotoxins has been a global problem for many decades. The aim of the study was to determine five mycotoxins standardized in feed (aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, T-2 toxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol) in roughage, succulent, concentrated and other feeds, as well as to identify toxigenic fungi and their metabolites in granulated feeds and raw materials for feed production. A retrospective analysis of the results of feed research in the Omsk Regional Veterinary Laboratory for the period from 2019 to 2024 was carried out for five mycotoxins (aflatoxin B1, T-2 toxin, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol). According to the annual reports of the Omsk Regional Veterinary Laboratory, over 7,000 samples were submitted for general feed toxicity testing during the analyzed period (2019- 2024), of which 229 samples were tested for mycotoxins. Wheat, oats, peas, feed corn, coarse (hay, straw) and succulent (haylage, silage) feed, meals, cakes, feed mixtures, and compound feed were subject to mycotoxicological testing. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography were used to quantify mycotoxins. The problem of feed contamination with toxigenic fungi and mycotoxins remains relevant even with the use of intensive technologies in crop production and high-tech equipment in feed production. It has been established that the trichothecene group of mycotoxins (T-2 toxin, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol) predominates in roughage and succulent feeds. In raw materials for the production of compound feeds, the growth of mold fungi producing aflatoxins and ochratoxins is more often noted. In most cases, 2-3 or more mycotoxins were detected in one sample, which requires the development of comprehensive measures to prevent combined mycotoxicoses in animals.