Clinical and morphological characteristics of the dental organ of dogs with odontogenic formations

Abstract

This publication presents the clinical and morphological characteristics of the teeth of dogs with various odontogenic deposits. The research was carried out in the Departments of Animal Diseases and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering by N.I. Vavilov, and in the Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology named after Professor A.F. Klimov at the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K.I. Skryabin and Veterinary Clinic «Tsentralnaya na Moskovskaya» (Saratov). The study focused on small-breed dogs with a mesocephalic head shape (n=300), aged between one and ten years. The material used in the study was extracted teeth. A comprehensive methodological approach was used, including a clinical examination of the oral cavity and light microscopy of tooth surfaces. This established that the enamel of the tooth has specific surface formations that occur in a set order. The transition from one state to another depends on processes occurring in the oral cavity, breed characteristics, and feeding and housing conditions. Initially, the tooth is always covered by a biological film, or pellicle, which then transitions to the next state as a result of external factors. These factors can accelerate or slow down this process by altering the balance within the oral cavity. Each dental formation has characteristic features that determine their clear sequence. Of all the acquired enamel formations, the enamel monolith is the most pathogenic, leading to an irreversible odontone state in animals.