The importance of food waste in the occurrence of infectious diseases in the Tyumen region

We have made an attempt to assess the importance of food waste in the occurrence of infectious diseases in the Tyumen region. Food waste generated during production and consumption, which is intended for disposal or is subject to disposal, is a source of biological hazard. This is due to the fact that the accumulation of a large amount of food waste creates favorable conditions for the reproduction of insects, rodents, which can carry pathogens of intestinal infections and invasive diseases. The first place in the list of carriers of infection belongs to flies, then cockroaches and rats. It is important that pathogenic microorganisms remain in the waste for a long time. In the Tyumen region, in recent years, routine laboratory studies of environmental objects, in particular rodents caught in food waste dumps, have been carried out annually. Leptospira were detected in 26 samples or 10.4% in 10 municipal districts. Parasitic diseases continue to occupy one of the leading places in the structure of infectious pathology, the proportion of which in 2019 was 12.7% (2018 - 12.3%, 2017 - 13.7%). In 2019, in the Tyumen region, 5754 cases of helminthiasis and protozoan diseases were registered (383.9 per 100 thousand population), in 2018 - 5186 cases (346.0), in 2017 - 4537 cases (307.0). In 2019, the incidence of ascariasis decreased by 26.6%, alveococcosis and malaria by 20%. The incidence of cryptosporidiosis, trichinosis, teniasis, clonorchiasis has not been registered. One of the ways to reduce the pollution of territories is the creation of municipal infrastructure facilities for the processing and placement (disposal) of solid municipal waste. A waste sorting plant was commissioned in Tyumen. In 2019, 340 landfills were liquidated in the Tyumen region, including food waste landfills. These activities are carried out in addition to works on disinfection, disinsection and deratization. Thus, in order to prevent the spread of dangerous infectious diseases on the territory of the Tyumen region, a set of measures is being taken to ensure the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population, taking into account regional characteristics.

food waste, infectious diseases, disease vectors, sanitary and epidemiological welfare

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