Clinical case of detection of Eimeria brunetti broiler chickens in the Krasnoyarsk region

Abstract

The species diversity of eimeria of farm birds in Siberia remains poorly understood, so the aim of our research was to study the etiology of cases of mass rectal prolapse in broiler chickens at the age of 14 days. Fragments of the duodenum, small, ileum, rectum, and blind processes of broiler chickens were fixed in 10% formalin solution with phosphate-buffered saline. Histological examination was carried out in the molecular biology sector of the Siberian Scientific Center for Scientific Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk Region. The preparation of the material was carried out according to standard methods. The preparations were stained with Mayer hematoxylin and eosin. Histological specimens were examined under an Imager D1 microscope (Zeiss) at magnifications of 100x, 1000x. During pathological autopsy of corpses of chickens aged 13-15 days, signs of intravital rupture of the rectum from the cloaca or complete absence of the intestine without visible external injuries were found. This pathology has not been previously encountered, which suggests the emergence of a new factor or etiological agent. Histological examination in the rectum and cesspool of broiler chickens aged 13, 29, and 36 days showed signs of eimeriosis caused by E. brunetti. Due to the extensive population of eimeria, the wall of the rectum in the bird became flabby, protruded outward through the opening of the cloaca, which led to subsequent prolapse and provoked cannibalism among birds. Thus, the syndrome of rectal prolapse is caused by the appearance in the Krasnoyarsk Territory of a new picture of clinical and pathological changes in eimeriosis of birds caused by E. brunetti.