Isolation and cultivation mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adipose tissue and teeth of pigs

Abstract

One of the most developing modern areas of regenerative medicine is stem cell therapy. Each such cell is capable of unlimited or partially limited self-renewal and the formation of several types of differentiated healthy offspring. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most suitable for cell therapy. MSCs have the following positive properties that allow these cells to promote axonal regeneration: secretion of various neurotrophic factors and cytokines, the ability to differentiate in various directions, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. Our studies have shown that primary cultures of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adipose tissue and tooth pulp have similar morphophenotypic characteristics and express MSCs-specific markers CD44, CD29, and Thy-1.

One day after cell culture, the attached cells obtained from adipose tissue had an elongated shape with several processes, were located singly or in small groups. With further cultivation, these cells began to divide and spread out on the surface of the plastic, increasing in size. The primary culture of MSCs obtained from the tooth pulp began to appear after 5-10 days, migrating from the enzymatically digested tissue attached to the bottom of the tablet. The viability of MSCs obtained from adipose tissue and pulp of a pig's tooth by the 3rd passage was at least 96%.

Taking into account the results obtained in cell culture, it can be expected that when introducing neuronal progenitor cells derived from MSCs into the area of the damaged segment of the spinal cord, they will actively contribute to the regeneration of nervous tissue and the restoration of its functionality.