Diagnosis and surgical treatment open ductus arteriosus in corgi and pomeranian dogs

Abstract

The paper presents the results of a clinical and experimental study of determining the clinical effectiveness of surgical treatment of animals with patent ductus arteriosus using open ligation and endovascular occlusion using the example of dogs of the Corgi and Spitz breeds. A retrospective study, the morphofunctional state of the cardiovascular system was assessed before and after surgery. The total sample consisted of 25 animals. Diagnosis of this defect was carried out by auscultation and using echocardiography [ultrasound]. During auscultation, a systolic-diastolic murmur is heard. On ultrasound, the normalized parameters were compared before and after surgery. Animals with critical pulmonary hypertension were excluded from the study, since this complication is a contraindication for surgical treatment. In the postoperative period, the animals after open correction of the defect recovered longer and needed more prolonged analgesia than animals after endovascular treatment. After open treatment with thoracotomy, the animals were in the intensive care unit for a day, and after transcatheter surgery - 6-12 hours. After that, all animals were discharged for outpatient treatment. After closure of the duct, all dogs with a congenital defect became more active, their general condition improved, shortness of breath during physical exertion disappeared, and the respiratory rate decreased significantly. It was found that corgi are more difficult to tolerate this defect than Spitz dogs. They had a more frequent complication in the form of pulmonary hypertension. One year after the surgical treatment, when performing echocardiography, the indicators of the morphofunctional state of the heart were normalized.