Prevalence of anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis in reindeer of the nenets autonomous okrug

Abstract

Vector-borne diseases pose a serious threat to the sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of a person. As a rule, the source of pathogens of this group of diseases is considered to be carrier animals that can keep the pathogen in their body for life. Changing climate conditions lead to changes in the habitat of insect vectors, which inevitably leads to the expansion of the geographical boundaries of vector-borne infections. The aim of the work is to study the prevalence of anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis among reindeer of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The material for the research was stabilized EDTA venous blood from reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) of the Nenets breed. The diagnosis was established by PCR. It has been proved that the infection of reindeer with anaplasmosis averages 14.3%, while vazhenki have the greatest extent of invasion – 21.4%, while males and calves are less affected by the pathogen (9.1% and 12.5%, respectively). Infection of animals with ehrlichiosis turned out to be more significant: DNA of ehrlichiae was present in 44.9% of samples, while the infection of vazhenok was 57.1%, calves – 37.5%, choirs – 45.5%. The morphological composition of the blood of healthy and infected reindeer had no significant differences in a number of indicators, which indicates a latent chronic course of the disease. Thus, the results of the work indicate that anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are widespread among reindeer living on the territory of the Low-Earth tundra, which serve as a natural reservoir for these pathogens.