Monitoring the spread of bovine leukemia in the Tyumen region

The widespread prevalence of leukemia among cattle poses a significant threat to the profitability of cattle breeding, which is associated with the regulations for the recovery of unfavorable enterprises, which pro-vide for the complete replacement of infected livestock with healthy animals. In this regard, it is necessary to find out what factors affect the level of animal infection and develop mechanisms to improve the health of territories from leukemia. The purpose of the study was to study the prevalence of leukemia in cattle in the Tyumen region depending on the natural and climatic zones, taking into account the organizational and legal form of enterprises engaged in cattle breeding in various municipal areas, including large farms, and the private sector, where cases of leukemia were identified. Monitoring of the epizootic situation on bovine leukosis in Tyumen Oblast was carried out based on the results of serological and molecular genetic stud-ies of cattle for detection of the leukosis virus and antibodies to it, comparing the data with the climatic and geographic location of enterprises and their form of ownership. It was found that in Tyumen Oblast the bovine leukosis virus was not detected only in three northern regions - Tobolsk, Uvatsky and Vagaysky. The most difficult situation on cattle leukosis is observed in the subzone of the northern forest steppe, where the epizootic process occurs with high intensity. It is noted that leukosis is recorded mainly at enter-prises containing no more than one thousand livestock, and at large mega-complexes no infection of cattle was recorded. The level of infection of cattle with the leukosis virus in agricultural enterprises was 3.63±2.95%. In private subsidiary farms, the level of seropositivity of cattle with the leukemia virus was 5.54±4.42%. The highest level of infection was detected in peasant and farm households – 25.59±12.11%. Considering the active participation of peasant and farm households in the spread of epizootics, strategies for improving animal health and maintaining the number of cattle should be adapted to the latest scientific discoveries and practical data.

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