Analysis of the epizootic situation of goat parasitosis in peasant farms and private subsidiary farms Leningrad and Pskov regions

The article presents an analysis of the epizootiological situation regarding parasitic infections in goats across four family farms and one personal subsidiary farm in several districts of Leningrad Oblast (Luga, Sestroretsk, Gatchina) and Pskov District in Pskov Oblast. A total of 127 goats of various age groups and breeds (Alpine dairy, Saanen, Czech brown, Russian brown, Nubian) were examined. Using the Darling flotation method with a universal flotation solution and the Berman-Orlov helmintholarscopic method, no helminth or protozoan infestations were detected in the goats from the family farms in the Luga district and the personal subsidiary farm in the Sestroretsk district of Leningrad Oblast. Regular deworming and the establishment of a proper management and feeding system for the animals in these farms have achieved stable and effective control of infestations. In two farms in the Gatchina district of Leningrad Oblast and in the family farm in Pskov district of Pskov Oblast, infestations of goats with helminths and protozoa of the genus Eimeria were found. In the family farm in Gatchina district, the Eimeria infection rate varied from 73.3% to 100%. For goats aged up to two years, the infection intensity reached up to 1710 oocysts per gram of feces. The identified oocysts varied in size and shape, indicating an infestation by several species of this genus of coccidia. Using the Berman-Orlov method, larvae and eggs from the genera Strongyloides and Mullerius were detected, as well as in one of the farms, lung strongyles of the genus Dictyocaulus. In the family farm in Pskov district, the extent and intensity of Eimeria infestation in goats were lower than in the farms of Leningrad Oblast (extent 26%, intensity up to 342 oocysts per gram of feces); however, all animals were infested with nematodes. In the fecal samples from goats, free-living nematode larvae from the genus Strongyloides were found, as well as eggs and larvae of gastrointestinal strongyles. To develop scientifically grounded measures to combat parasitic diseases in private farms, it is essential to regularly conduct an analysis of the parasitic situation, which includes studying the qualitative and quantitative composition of the parasite fauna, their distribution patterns in biocenoses.

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