Determination of the acetabular angle on the pelvic limb in guinea pigs

Guinea pigs are prone to connective tissue pathologies, the most common are: geriatric arthrosis of the pelvic extremities, nutritional deficiency of calcium, osteodystrophy caused by hyperparathyroidism. Also, pigs with shiny fur, possessing the "satin" gene, are predisposed to pathologies of connective tissue. The presence of this gene, by the end of the first year of life, causes pathologies of dense fibrous connective tissue in guinea pigs, as well as osteodystrophy, the combination of the above pathologies in guinea pigs with the satin gene was called satin pig syndrome. The aim of the study was to establish the structural features of the pelvic limb and determine the values of the acetabular angle in clinically healthy guinea pigs and in pigs with suspected connective tissue pathology (chondro- and osteodystrophy). Guinea pigs of different ages served as the material for the study, the average weight was 700-800 grams. Research methods: fine anatomical dissection, radiography, computed tomography. The acetabular angle was determined in the RadiAnt program. An analysis of the data obtained showed that measurements of the acetabular angle in guinea pigs demonstrate a clear age dynamic and a high diagnostic value of this radiometric indicator. In healthy animals, the angle increases with age: in young individuals (up to 1.5 years old) Its values average 63.07-65.05°, whereas in adults (from 1.5 to 4 years old) the angle increases to 66.17-69.39°. However, the most significant changes are registered in pathologies of the musculoskeletal system, where the acetabular angle, on the contrary, becomes more acute. Thus, in guinea pigs with suspected hyperparathyroidism, the angle decreases sharply, varying between 49.32-57.92°, which is accompanied by a decrease in the radiological density of the pelvic and limb bones, which is characteristic of skeletal demineralization. An even more pronounced tendency to "sharpen" the angle is observed in satin pig syndrome (30.22-36.56°) and, especially, in geriatric animals (26.44-31.12°). In the latter, in addition to the sharpest angle, radiologically there is an increase in the contrast of the interarticular fissure, and clinically there is a characteristic setting of the pelvic limbs running craniolaterally.

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