Invasion ofpolar foxes and foxes

This paper discusses the features of clinical and patho-morphological changes caused by parasites of eimeriidoses and helminthosis in arctic foxes and foxes in fur farms of the North-West region of the Russian Federation. Parasitic diseases among fur animals are very widespread. It is stated by large number of publications of domestic and foreign scientists. The pathological effect of endopara-sites in the body of fur animals consists of mechanical, toxic and inoculative effects. As the result of their invasion, mucus accumulations are found in the intestinal contents, sometimes with bloody inclusions. At the same time, subacute catarrhal hemorrhagic enteritis is noted, which is manifested by areas of hyperemia and edema of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, desquamation of the epithelium and inflamatory violation of the structure of the villi. Laboratory parasitological studies were conducted at the Department of Parasitology V.L. Yakimova St. Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. To determine the extent of invasion (El), were used the species composition of coccidioocysts, the classical Darling flotation method with a universal flotation diagnostic fluid. Totally, in periode 2012-2018, the coprological method were used to examine 1,186 arctic foxes and 415 foxes of different ages in fur farms in the North-West region of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the El of arctic foxes was 45.11%. We have identified the following parasites: 3 species of isospores - I. vulpina, I. buriatica, I. canivelocis and 3 types of helminths: T. leonina, T. canis, D. latum. Moreover, among the identified endoparasites, helminths prevailed over protozoozes 52.89% and 47.11%. Among 415 foxes examined, 216 were infected, EI was 52.05%. In foxes, among the protozoozes, the same species of isospores were found as in arctic foxes, but helminths fauna was represented by three species - Toxascaris leonina, Toxocaracanis, Trichocephalusvulpis. Moreover, the severity of clinical manifestations and pathological effects of the animal organism is individual and depends on the following factors: the body's resistance and its immune status. Emeriidoses and helminthosis, as well as their associations in arctic foxes and silver-black foxes, occur with typical clinical signs: decreased appetite and fatness, depression and diarrhea, fecal masses are dark in color, with a putrefactive odor and inclusions of mucus and blood. The corpses of dead and forced animals were autopsied, intestinal samples were histologically stained with hematoxylin - eosin. An autopsy revealed pathological changes characterized by catarrhal hemorrhagic enteritis, dystrophy of the parenchymal organs. A histological examination of the affected area of the cecum revealed hyperplasia and goblet cell hypertrophy, while the intestinal villi were with severe blood vessels and increased mitotic activity was noted. Also parasitifor vacuoles were found, it indicates the endogenous stages of development of protozoa.

паразиты, пушные звери, гистология, клиника, патологоанатомические изменения, parasites, fur animals, histology, clinic, pathological changes

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