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International Journal of Veterinary Medicine

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Parasitocenosis of pigs and parasite control

https://doi.org/10.17238/issn2072-2419.2020.1.9

Abstract

Infectious and invasive diseases cause huge economic damage to pig farming, among which a large proportion is occupied by diseases caused by protozoa and helminths. These infestations can lead not only to death and forced slaughter, but also to a significant slowdown in the growth and development of animals. Eimeriosis and iso-sporosis of pigs are widespread diseases characterized by lesions of the small and large intestine. The pathogens of the disease are up to 15 species of Eimeria and 3 species of isospores. The most susceptible to the disease are pigs from ten days of age to two months of age. Older pigs also get sick, but in a mild form. The most severe diseases occur when combined infestations of protozoa and intestinal nematodes. A total of 1,330 pigs (suckling pigs, weaning pigs, rearing pigs, gestating and suckling sows) were examined in different seasons of the year. Coproscopy of Eimeria oocysts and nematode eggs was performed using the double centrifugation method, and balantidia were detected in a native smear. The extent of infestation (EI) was determined by detecting parasites in 30 fecal samples, and the intensity of infestation (AI) was determined by counting them in 20 fields of view of the microscope. The species of coccidia was determined by the determinant of parasitic protozoa, and helminth eggs were determined by an improved method of double centrifugation. The article presents study data of mixed intestinal infestations of pigs. It was found that most often animals become infected with eimeria, isospores, balantidium and roundworms. These parasites are found in groups of pigs of different ages, both singly and in combination. The season, age and their place of detention affect the extent of the invasion. The timely implementation of therapeutic and preventive measures on pig farms leads to a decrease in the manifestation of associative animals’ diseases. A selective ovoscopic examination of pigs of all age groups once a season helps to prevent the spread of invasion on the farm.

About the Authors

S. N. Vodyanitskaya
FGBOU VO "Belgorod agrarian University named after V. Gorin"
Russian Federation


V. V. Evdokimov
FGBOU VO "Belgorod agrarian University named after V. Gorin"
Russian Federation


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Review

For citations:


Vodyanitskaya S.N., Evdokimov V.V. Parasitocenosis of pigs and parasite control. International Journal of Veterinary Medicine. 2020;(1):9-13. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17238/issn2072-2419.2020.1.9

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ISSN 2072-2419 (Print)