Hydrochemical monitoring of water bodies in the foothill province of Dagestan used for irrigation of pastures and watering of farm animals
https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2025.3.280
Abstract
In this study, a comparative analysis of the chemical composition of water in three water bodies in the Buinaksk District of the Republic of Dagestan was carried out: The Shura-Ozen River, Lake Buglen-2 and the Kapchugay irrigation canal. The purpose of the work was to comprehensively assess the water quality based on hydrochemical indicators using regulatory requirements for water bodies of fishery importance, as well as to identify the main factors affecting the state of aquatic ecosystems in the region. Water samples were taken at key points of each object, using standard methods for determining the main physicochemical parameters, including acidity (pH), biochemical (BOD5) and chemical (COD) oxygen consumption, total hardness, mineralization (dry residue) and concentrations of the most important ions: ammonium (NH4+), nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, sulfates, chlorides, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The analytical base was supplemented by a comparison of the results with the maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) established by regulatory documents of the Russian Federation (SanPiN 1.2.3685-21 and the order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation No. 552). The results of the analysis indicate a significant anthropogenic impact on the hydrochemical regime of all three water bodies. The most pronounced are the excess of MPC for biogenic elements, organic pollution and mineralization. In particular, the Shura-Ozen River is characterized by extremely high concentrations of ammonium and phosphates (up to 23.9 mg / l and 43.9 mg / l, respectively), which is hundreds of times higher than the standards and indicates severe eutrophication. At the same time, increased biochemical and chemical oxygen consumption is noted, indicating a significant organic loading effect. Recommendations are proposed to strengthen monitoring, identify pollution sources and take measures to improve the ecological state of the studied water bodies.
About the Author
D. M. Ramazanova
Caspian Zonal Research Veterinary Institute - branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Agrarian Research Center of Dagestan Republic»
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Senior Researcher,
Makhachkala
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Review
For citations:
Ramazanova D.M. Hydrochemical monitoring of water bodies in the foothill province of Dagestan used for irrigation of pastures and watering of farm animals. International Journal of Veterinary Medicine. 2025;(3):280-289. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2025.3.280
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