Features of microanatomy of the cervical esophagus of Ross-308 cross broilers under the influence of enterosorbent and bioflavonoid

In industrial broiler farming, biologically active preparations are increasingly being used to increase the growth and development rates of poultry. The article presents the results of studies on the dynamics of the histological structures of the cervical part of the esophagus in Ross-308 broiler chickens during the period from the beginning of the rearing process to the technological slaughter period, using domestic feed additives (Kovelos-Sorb enterosorbent and Ecostimul-2 bioflavonoid) in addition to the main feeding regimen. Chicks in groups 1, 2, and 3 received Kovelos-Sorb at doses of 0.1-gram, 0.14 gram, and 0.18 gram per 1 kg of live weight per day, and Ecostimul-2 at a dose of 1 milligram per 1 kg of live weight per day. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Normal and Pathological Morphology and Physiology of Animals at the Bryansk State Agrarian University. The research method included the preparation of thin histological sections and the micrometry of the mucous, muscular, and adventitious layers, as well as the submucosal base of the cervical region. Dynamic changes were recorded every 10 days. The results of the micrometry were statistically processed and analyzed. As a result of the experiment, we noted that the bioadditives introduced into the main broiler diet had a positive effect on the histometric indicators of the thickness of the esophagus wall, both in general and in its layers, especially the submucosal base, as well as on the number and diameter of the glands of the submucosal base, in the direction of increase. The prevalence of micrometric structures was recorded in the birds of the experimental groups, especially the third group, in comparison with the control group, which indicates the stimulating effect of the applied additives on the development of the cervical part of the esophagus. An increase in the number of glands in the microscope field of view and the diameter of the submucosal glands in the experimental groups of broilers indicates a more active process of mucus secretion and its interaction with the feed than in the control group.

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