The influence of sexual dimorphism of meat breed turkeys on the development of some internal organs

Sex differentiation is an important aspect of the adaptive capabilities of the body. The manifestation of sexual dimorphism is not unambiguous. In this regard, determining its influence on the formation of the bird's body, on the productive and reproductive qualities of the population is relevant. The aim of the work is to study the effect of sexual dimorphism on the morphological features of the growth of some internal organs in turkeys of the Hybrid Converter Novo cross. The studies were conducted in 2023-2025 at the Northern Trans-Urals State Agrarian University and Absolut-Agro. The objects of the study are the kidneys, spleen, muscular and glandular stomachs of turkeys aged 21, 42 and 82 days of the Hybrid Converter novo cross. Initially, morphometry of the organs was carried out. Then histological studies were carried out with the calculation of structural elements and determination of the size of morphostructures. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the growth of organs is different, the relative mass of the kidneys and stomach decreases with age, and the spleen increases. The relative mass of males by the age of 82 days becomes greater than that of females - by 0.06% for the kidneys and by 0.048% for the spleen. And the relative mass of the stomach at the age of 82 days is greater in females by 0.54%. Morphometric analysis of the histostructures of organs showed that by the age of 82 days, males had 101.71% more muscular membrane of the glandular stomach and 12.92% more muscular stomach, all elements of the spleen (trabeculae by 34.37%, capsule by 37.57%, follicle area by 20.82%), all elements of the kidneys (area of superficial bodies by 75.54%, intracortical bodies by 56.8%, juxtamedullary bodies by 67.03%, convoluted proximal tubules by 26.94%, convoluted distal tubules by 22.32%, straight tubules by 22.32%) than females. In females, larger sizes were observed only in the mucous membrane of the glandular stomach by 17.23% and the muscular stomach by 16.78%.

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