Among infectious animal diseases, tuberculosis infection has a special place. Dogs and cats are potential source and carrier of the causative agent of tuberculosis, participating in the process of mutual re-infection between humans and animals. The aim of the work is to establish a laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis of domestic carnivorous animals maintained in private pet nursery. To make a laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis in American Pit Bull Terrier breed dog from a private pet nursery were used - clinical and biochemical analysis of blood ; X-ray, computer tomography; echocardiogram; cytology, screening, endoscopic and bacteriological studies; PCR with electrophoretic detection of amplification products in agarose gel, all studies were carried out in specialized clinics of St. Petersburg. Also for tuberculosis was scrupulously examined a male cat of the Abyssinian breed from the private pet nursery of Kiev, before being sent to the nursery of Milan, the reason of examination was the bitten wound of the animal. Symptomatic treatment of the animal was carried out at the Milan clinic, which included installation of drainage; 6-fold blood test; bacteriological and cytological analyzes; FELV-FIV test; 2-fold x-ray examinations; autopsy, followed by histological, cytological studies and PCR. As a result of complex laboratory tests, tuberculosis was diagnosed and confirmed for the American Pit Bull Terrier breed dog, by detection of pathogenic M. tuberculosis complex, that has common antigenic properties with M. bovis, M. tuberculosis, M. bovis BCG, M. africanum, M.microti. The diagnosis of tuberculosis in a male cat of the Abyssinian breed was also confirmed on the basis of laboratory tests, including the detection in the PCR of the DNA of the causative agent of tuberculosis M. bovis. It is confirmed that cats and dogs are susceptible to mycobacteria of bovine and Human species.

Colibacteriosis persists to stay one of main secondary infection of poultry farms, bringing great economic loses. It is better to take correct preventive measures than to treat birds. There are both inactivated and live vaccines against colibacteriosis. The aim of our work was to create an effective vaccine against this infection, in this article assays dedicated to measurement of protective vaccine concentrations are described. As a result of a series of experiments, a new vaccine against colibacteriosis of chickens, containing an antigen from the strain of E.coli B -5 in a concentration of 1,0 x106-2, 0x106 microbial cells in 1 cm3 of the solvent -physiological solution, was investigated. In one series of experiments, immunization of 22-day chickens per os with a vaccine strain in the volume of 0.5 cm3 with the content of microbial cells 1,0x106, 2,0x106 and 4,0x106 in 1 cm3 of physiological solution per head (5,0x105, 1,0x105 and 2,0x10s microbial cells in 0.5 cm3, respectively) was used. In another series of experiments, immunization of 4-day -old chickens with the same vaccine strains grown at a temperature of 42 °С was performed, this temperature range maximally adapts the vaccine strain to the body of chickens up to 10 days of age. Chickens were vaccinated with dose of 0.5 cm, containing microbial cells 1.0x105 -3x105 in 1 cm3,it is equal to solution 1:20. For the best result of vaccination this concentrations was established experimentally. We can conclude that, the developed vaccine is effective, harmless, has high immunogenic and protective properties due to the formation of antitoxic immunity, does not require special equipment for manufacturing and is easy for administration.

The article presents experimental data on the molecular diagnostics of retroviral infection induced by the bovine leukemia virus using the PCR test system developed on the basis of the VIEV RAS multiplex PCR-RT. Circulation of passively acquired colostral antibodies in the body of calves complicates the task of timely diagnosis by serological methods, what makes direct diagnosis of infection at the age of 0-6 months extremely urgent. Based on the results of studies to determine the level of perinatal infection of calves in the dynamics, as part of the implementation and improvement of the scheme of preventive activities in the surveyed farm of the Moscow Region, a tendency to its reduction in 3 times revealed. Using the developed diagnostic test among 710 animals under 3 months of age, the proportion of calves-virus carriers was 6.4%. The possibility of effec tive application of the developed oligonucleotides for DNA detection of BLV by the PCR-RT method for perinatal infection in calves in the early stages of the disease shows in the process of working out the technique on the presented material.

Monitoring of hidden infections of companion animals in a metropolis, using traditional descriptive methods does not allow to form an idea of the real epizootic situation. The fragmentation of primary data received from animal disease cases at public and private clinics, the variety of laboratory diagnostic methods used, the omission of the overwhelming number of subclinical cases in the course of general medical practice- all these lead to heteroskedasticity of observations and formation of the false conclusions about the epizootic situation and understanding of existing problems. In the context of megapolices and urban agglomerations, the effectiveness of monitoring and analysis of the epizootic situation is significantly increased when researches are planned and are conducted using probabilistic methods. The formation of representative sample sets based on number and method of selection of animals, sampling as "clusters" in different parts of the city, systematic principle of research and simultaneous standardization of laboratory diagnostics, all these allow us to access the epizootic situation in different territorial areas and to trace the dynamics of the epizootic process. In the absence of targeted veterinary measures, hidden infections can become widespread in the metropolis, which is a natural phenomenon, due to the overall large number and high density of populations of pet animals. For Moscow region the greatest danger are the canine brucellosis, caused by Brucellacanis, feline leukemia (FeLV) and immunodeficiency (FIV), that often occur with long period of inapparent disease. At that time the animal may be a further distributor of infection. The absence of cases of brucellosis of dogs and retroviral infections of cats in the official veterinary statistics shows the urgent need for the transition to new methods of epizootological monitoring.

Outbreaks of salmonellosis continue to occur in the Russian Federation. Each year, approximately 50,000 situations of salmonellosis are usually recorded. Death from this infection may be 0.02-0.04 per 100 thousand inhabitants. Of the salmonellae serovars available in the Russian Federation, S. Enteritidis takes the predominant role - 85%, followed by S. Typhimurium - 12%, S. Infantis - 10% and others - 6%. Mostly S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Infantis, S. Gallinarum-pullorum are most often isolated from birds. The high level of salmonellosis morbidity in poultry farming is associated with a number of factors such as: problems associated with epidemiological study of the causes of salmonellosis, the acquisition of Salmonella resistance to many antimicrobial drugs and, as a consequence, the lack of effective specific prevention. One of the important factors preventing the spread of Salmonella pathogen is the creation of diagnostic methods allowing to quickly detect the disease. The objective of the present study is to develop unique samples of oligonucleotide sequences allowing to detect DNA of microorganisms of the genus Salmonella. Salmonella serovars are difficult to genetically type because of their high degree of identity. Studies conducted in the study of Salmonella pathogenicity conditions have shown that for the identification of Salmonella strains by molecular genetic method can be used as targets of the area of pathogenicity Islands. After analyzing the publications we have selected the gene invA genetic marker -gene spvA for the purpose of receiving a unique sequence of sequences to serovariant S. Turek, S. Enteritidis. Just the sequences of the genes invA and sefA leveled picking up similar at all serovariants Salmonella part, localized in the first half of the gene. With the help of the BLAST program on the NCBI server, the specificity of the selected primers was evaluated. As a result of the search in the database of sequences of GenBank revealed 100% homology of the selected primers with homologous sequences in the genome of the selected genome. The study of samples containing pathological agents of bacterial nature by PCR confirmed the specificity of the selected primers. Positive results were obtained only with samples containing S. Turek, S. Enteritidis. Thus, the selected primers can be proposed for the study of samples of different composition for the detection of the genomes.

The acute course of fascioksis in young animals with a high intensity of invasion is accompanied by the death of 65-100% of the diseases population. The goal is to test the new complex products “ Nihlofolal powder 20%” in case of acute fasciolesis of young sheep using the group deworming method. Under the conditions of the farms “Duncan” of Kabardino-Balkaria, 18 animals were picked up for the experiment, experimentally infected with acute fasciolesis, 20-25 kg of live weight, which were divided into 3 group of 6 animals in each group. In the experiment with young ewe, who received in a mixture with compound feed 1: 100, once a group method, a new complex agent “ Nihlofolal powder 20%” in a dose of 50 mg / kg body weight, for 15 days. after application showed an extensional efficiency of 83.3% with an intensification of 90.6%. The new complex agent “Nihlofolal powder 20%” at a dosage of 50 mg/ kg body weight when administered according to the scheme once, in a mixture with mixed feed at a ratio of 1: 100 is therapeutically active, and is recommended for group deworming during the acute course of fasciolesis of young sheep.

The aim of the study is to study the therapeutic efficacy of the drug masti-vin in serous catarrhal mastitis of cows. The composition of the preparation includes rifampicin, gentamicin and methyluracil. Experimental studies were performed in ZAO them. Mi-churin of the Smolensk region of the Smolensk region and in the laboratory of the FSBI of the Smolensk Research Institute of Agriculture during the winter stall period on lactating cows. In the experiment was experimental (n = 40) and control (n = 40) groups of cows. The experimental group was intrastitally injected with mastivin. In the control group used amoxicillin-ling, long used in the economy. Diagnosis of mastitis was carried out according to the “Manual on the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of mastitis in cows” (2007) using masterst. The species composition of the secretion microflora and the antimicrobial activity of the preparations mastavine and amoxicillin were determined using the disc method. During the experiment, it was proved that the drug mastavin has a high activity for the microflora isolated from the secret of the udder of patients with mastitis of cows, so in relation to Str. agalactiae growth zone was 24mm, with respect to Staph. 27mm aureus, Escherichia coli 32mm. The drug amoxicillin used in this economy also had animicrobial activity to the selected microflora. However, apparently due to the regular use of it, there has been a tendency to reduce sensitivity, so already with respect to Str. agalactiae growth zone was 18mm, Staph. aureus 20mm, and Escherichia coli 21mm. The experimental studies carried out testify to the high therapeutic efficacy of the new drug mastavine in comparison with amoxicillin used for a long time in the economy.

To study the tolerance of Ciprovet-pulmo drug for pigs 3 groups of animals were created (two experimental groups and one control ). Animals of the first experimental group were administered Ciprovet-pulmo drug at a dose of 0.045 g per 1 kg of body weight (20 mg of tiamulin and 4.5 mg of ciprofloxacin), animals of the second experimental group were injected Ciprovet-pulmo drug at a dose 5 times larger - 0.225 g per 1 kg of body weight (100 mg of tiamulin and 22.5 mg of ciprofloxacin). The piglets of the third group served as controls and were not injected. Experiments were carried out on 45 clinically healthy pigs of a large white breed at age of 2 months with an average body weight of 23.5 kg. For 10 days they were strictly monitored. A day before the drug of Ciprovet-pulmo was administered, on the fifth day and after the completion of the experiment, a clinical examination was carried out, a heart and and pulse rates were calculated, respiratory movements were counted, body temperature was meas ured. And also the blood was taken and the hematological blood parameters were studied, the physicochemical properties of urine were determined. The indicators of physiological norm for this species, breed and age of animals were used as reference. Upon completion of the test, it was found that a single oral administration of the chemotherapy Ciprovet-pulmo drug to piglets in the minimum therapeutic dose of 0.045 g per 1 kg of body weight (20 mg of tiamulin and 4.5 mg of ciprofloxacin) and in a fivefold increased dose of 0.225 g per 1 kg of body weight (100 mg of tiamulin and 22.5 mg of ciprofloxacin) does not affect the clinical and hematological parameters of animals and does not change the density and pH of urine

The experiment was conducted on the basis of the branch of the Department of General Pathology. V.M. Koropova (FGBOU VO MGAVMiB - MBA named after K.I. Scriabin) in production. The object of the study were dogs, aged from 1 year to 8 years, with a wound process of soft tissues of various localization regenerating by secondary tension. All studied animals were given antibiotic therapy (ceftriaxone, 30 mg / kg / day / intramuscularly) for 10 days. In control dogs, the wound surface was treated twice a day with 0.9% NaCl solution. In animals of the experimental group, the wound surface was treated with a 0.2% solution of the doc tor Doctor Chistotetoff®, by applying a gauze cloth soaked in a solution. In 7 (70%) dogs with a wound process that regenerates by secondary tension, by the 14th day of the experiment, during the treatment with the drug QH, a complete regeneration was noted. During their examination, it was noted that the area of soft tissue damage was clean, there were no hemorrhages and ulcerations. The contours of the wounds had a well-developed granulation tissue of pink color, and the local temperature had insignificant differences. We studied the regeneration in the damaged areas of soft tissue. Inclusion in the scheme of treatment of complicated wounds of soft tissues in dogs of the drug in this way, the drug helps to level the inflammatory response and accelerate the regeneration process. The coefficient of reducing the length of the wound boundaries was significantly higher by 14.1 times, and the number of segmented neutrophils was 4.5% lower compared to animals against the background of basic therapy.

Nowadays big attention is attracted by discovering, receiving and integration of different biostimulants in veterinary practice which allow to elevate poultry resistance to external environmental factors and also permit to resist pathological processes development. The main active ingredient of the dietary supplement Vigozin is carnitine. Its main action consists in the breakdown of free fatty acids and preventing their oxidation. He also takes part in the transport of acetylcoenzyme A in the course of energy metabolism in mitochondria. This helps in the recovery period and increases the palatability of the feed by increasing appetite. This allows the use of dietary supplement "Vigozin" as a feed additive in poultry rations, improving overall performance indicators. The aim of this study was to establish the influence of biologically active supplement «Vigozin» in broiler-chicken on the liver status. The object of the research is cross of broiler-chickens «CОBB-500», 5, - one control and three experimental groups, 2000 birds in each group. The evaluation of hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters of the poultry blood and macroscopic and histological study of the liver tissue were carried out. As a result of this study there were revealed increasing of fowl livability by 2,3% due to normalization of metabolism in broiler-chickens and functional condition of the liver during the «Vigozin» introduction. Also the «Vigozin» allows to prevent fatty liver development and hematological disruption. Therefore biologically active supplement «Vigozin» have a hepatoprotective effect.

The aim of the study was to study the effect of complex biologically active substances on the body of piglets. The material for the study was a new drug, Rigatirin. This drug is unique in its composition, and its plant components and enterosorbents have detoxification, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, to increase the activity of the adaptogenic action of the new phytosorption complex, the drug Marimix 5: 0 was used together, which has already established itself as a drug with growth-promoting and anti-stress effects. 4 groups of animals were created (n = 10). Age 2-3 months. The duration of the experiment was 14 days. Animals of the first and second groups, in addition to the basic diet, added the drug rigatirin, at a dose of 1 g / kg, for 14 days. Additionally, the second group of piglets were injected with the drug marimix 5: 0 at a dose of 0.2 ml / kg. The course was 5 days. Animals of the third group were injected with only the drug marimix 5: 0 at a dose of 0.2 ml / kg for 5 days. Animals of the fourth group did not administer drugs, and the pigs received only the basic diet according to physiological norms. Throughout the experiment, a daily clinical examination was performed: thermometry, massimetry were performed, and the conditions of the skin and mucous membranes were assessed. To study the pharmacological activity of the drug and its effect on the body of the young, a biochemical and clinical blood analysis was performed. An assessment was made of feed consumption, degree of appetite and watering regime. On the basis of the tests carried out, it is possible to judge the positive effect of biologically active substances on the natural resistance of the young, which indicates a better adaptation ability of weaned piglets to the adverse effects of post-release stress, and, consequently, intensive growth in this period. So the level of bactericidal activity increased by 6.6%, against these indicators in the control group. In turn, the level of immunoglobulins increased by 18.6%, and the level of phagocytic activity by 6.2%, compared with animals who were not given any additives in the diet.

One of the directions of solution search for the stress prevention in modern poultry farming is to find the physical factors of environmental conditions that stimulate the stress-resistance of organisms. A special survey has been undertaken to study the effect of spectrally pure green and blue light emission on the metabolism and productive qualities of broilers in the conditions of the poultry farm in the Tyumen region. Three experimental groups of broilers of the “Gibro G” cross were formed to carry out the investigation. The first group was kept in a section equipped with green light bulbs. The second group was managed with the use of lamps of green and blue light in the ratio of 1:1. The third group of chickens occupied a section equipped with blue light bulbs. The experiment used the Orion Gasolec lighting system. In the course of the experiment, the methods commonly accepted in the zootechnical and veterinary practice were applied. It was established that the monochrome use of green light lamps was accompanied by the formation of maximum meat productivity indicators. Nevertheless, at the same time, survivability per cycle was only 94.1%. The minimum productivity indicators were obtained with monochrome blue light, the average daily gain was only 40.0 g per cycle, and the survivability index per cycle had the highest value compared to all experimental groups. The content of corticoid in the blood was less than in other groups, so less was the poultry mortality due to stress. When illuminated with lamps of two colors, the obtained data of production, clinicalindicators and analysis of the pathologic-anatomical dissection had intermediate values relative to the groups with monochrome lighting. The experimental results indicate the ability of spectrally pure green and blue light radiation to influence the behavior of poultry and their metabolic processes.

In this article, the purpose of our research was to study the effect of Vitoblad nanobiocorrector on the veterinary and sanitary indicators of poultry meat. VitolAD is a natural biological corrector created on the basis of the cultivation of the non-pathogenic strain of the fungus Fusarium sambucinum MKF-2001-3. This nanobiocorrector is a nutraceutical, which is used to restore impaired body functions. In order to study the effect of VitolAD bio-corrector obtained by cultivating the Fusarium sambucinum MKF-2001-3 mushroom on the goodness and safety of poultry meat, a complex of organoleptic and laboratory studies of 20 carcasses and internal organs of broiler chickens was conducted (15 experimental and 5 control) . In the course of laboratory experiments, 4 groups of 25 animals each were formed. Studies on the effect of VitolAD nanobiocorrector on the goodness and safety of poultry meat were conducted at the clinic of the Department of Parasitology and at the Department of Examination of the Vitebsk Order of Honor State Academy of Veterinary Medicine. Studies were conducted according to GOST and generally accepted methods. As a result of the veterinary-sanitary research, it was found that the biological values of meat in all meat samples had no differences, pathogenic and conditionally path ogenic microorganisms were not identified in the meat, the assessment of poultry carcasses did not reveal any deviations from significant standards. In birds, in the diet which was introduced biocorrector, organoleptic, physico-chemical, bacteriological indicators, as well as biological value and harmlessness is not inferior to the meat of the control group, is benign and harmless.

Chlorophyll-carotene paste (CCP) is a product obtained from a gasoline extract of pine woody greens. The basis for the production of CCP are lipids of wood greens. They consist of neutral fats (glycerol esters and higher fatty acids), fatty acids (linoleic, linolenic, etc.), pigments (carotene, carotenoids, chlorophyll), vitamins А, D, E, K, wax, resins, phosphatides, sterols, essential oils, hormones. The physical characteristics of the paste: it’s a thick homogeneous mass of ointments at room temperature, and the paste becomes more diluted at a temperature above 25 ° C; the smell is distinctive coniferous; the color is dark green. The main purpose of our research is to determine the general toxicity of pine chlorophyll -carotene paste. To achieve the goal, we used an express method of determining the general toxicity on the microorganisms Stylonychia mytilus. The method is based on the extraction of various fractions of toxic substances from the sample with acetone and water simultaneously, followed by the impact of these extracts on Stylonychia. The results of experiment evaluate by the survivability of microorganisms in extracts. As a result of completed experiment of determining the general toxicity on the microorganisms Stylonychia mytilus it was identified that the chlorophyll-carotene paste produced by “Tikhvinskiy chimzavod” is nontoxic, since test of aqueous acetone extract and aqueous solution of the sample simultaneously defined by the survival of Stylonychia - 94 % and 84%, respectively. In according with GOST 31674-2012 feed is considered non-toxic if the survivability of Stylonychia in an amount from 80% to 100%.

The use of micronized fodder yeast (MFY) and micronized rice husk (MRH) in feeding calves aged from 2 to 4 months when administered in the main diet at a dose of 2 grams per 1 kg of live weight of calves, daily 1 time per day, starting from 2 months of age was analyzed. The aim of the study was to study the effect of feeding micronized feed additives on the body of calves. The material for our research was fodder yeast and rice husks. All these additives were micronized using a special rotary vortex mill to a nominal particle size of 50-100 microns in micronized fodder yeast (MCD) and 50-200 microns in micronized rice husk (MRS) at a level of 90% by weight. As a result of researches were studied: indicators of parameters of a microclimate in rooms where experimental groups of calves contained, an assessment of average live weight of calves, average daily gains, some morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and blood serum, and also the coprological analysis was carried out. In the course of experimental studies, it was found that the introduction of micronized feed additives into the diet of calves from 2 to 4 months of age increases the average live weight, average daily gains, normalizes metabolism in young animals, as well as a positive effect on the biochemical parameters of blood. Macroscopic and microscopic studies of feces at the beginning and end of the experiment showed that in all groups of animals they corresponded to indicators of healthy animals.

Application of a thermal way of the prevention of growth of horns reduces immune reactance and natural resistance of an organism throughout all research. Decrease in all indicators of immune system noticed for 1-3 days of research that specifies in decrease in resistance of an organism of calfs and absence immunecorrection. Then there is an activation of producing bodies of immune system, immunecorrection indicators. The developed complex way of the prevention of growth of horns at calfs (a thermal way in a complex with a preparation «Solution «Belavitum» injection for veterinary science») raises all indicators immune indicators blood of calfs before experience and keeps their level after operation: T-limfotsitov and V-limfotsitov (Р <0,05) about 3 days; ФА - to 7, antibodies Ig A+M+G (Р <0,05) and ФЧ to 14 with the subsequent decrease to 21 days. Application of a preparation «Solution «Belavitum» injection for veterinary science» (twice in 6 days on 2 ml in the field of an average third of neck) at a complex thermal way of the prevention of growth of horns at calfs allows to react faster to bodies of immune system to a thermal trauma.

The study was carried out at the Department of animal anatomy of the St Petersburg state Academy of veterinary medicine. Animals body material for the study was delivered to the Department of anatomy of animals FGBOU VO "Saint-Petersburg state Academy of veterinary medicine" from a swine-breeding complex "Idavang agro" village Nurma, from Tosnenskiy district of Leningrad region. Animal material objects for this study included three age groups, according to the periodization of the swine life (V. Zhelev, 1976; D. C. Blood, 1988; Kudryashov A. A., 1992) - newborns 1-7 days (early neonatal period); newborns 10-14 days (late neonatal period); newborns 20-28 days (late neonatal period). Body weight from 2000 to 2500 kg. To achieve our aim were used complex of traditional anatomical methods: fine anatomical dissection, lazarettgasse, photography and morphometry. In order to describe anatomical terms the international veterinary anatomical nomenclature (fifth edition) was used. The length measurements were carried out using an electronic caliper Stainless hardened with the size of division 0.05 mm. In the study of the arterial system of the femoral area of pigs of Landras and Duroc breeds in the early stages of postnatal ontogenesis, we noticed that the General architectonics of arterial vessels is similar to venous. Arteries in the femoral region of both breeds of pigs are located topographically correctly; the diameter of the vessels varies with an increase in the proximal links and a decrease in the distal ones. There is no asymmetry of arteries between the right and left sides. In the age aspect, the main increase in the diameter of the arteries occurs in the period from 10-14 days of age to 20-28 days of postnatal ontogenesis.

Search-work in various environment conditions, high expectations for working dogs and theirs successful results are largely determined by the stability of the physiological systems to stress factors. The article represent the influence of the controlled variations of traffic loads on the functional stability оf the working dogs’ olfactory function by the comparative analysis of the measured indicators. The studies were conducted аt various periods of search work in accordance with the procedures outlined in the regulations with the use of modern devices. In all three groups of studied dogs after finish of the traffic load- was observed an increase in search period with increasing length of the route itself. In group I, after light, moderate and heavy functional loads, the search period increased by 4, 13 and 30 seconds, respectively; in group II, the increase was 5, 22 and 54 seconds; in group III, there was an increase of 11, 55 and 109 seconds from the initial data. The results of the study showed that the sense of smell most successfully operates at light loads at a route length of 1 km and in dogs with special training (group I). The average time to restore the sense of smell in dogs with light load in group I was 10 minutes, and with heavy load - 50 minutes. In all groups of the studied dogs there was a decrease in the sensitivity of the sense of smell as the route loads increased. The results showed a significant impact of training on dogs and the degree of load on olfactory ability and performance of working dogs.

Despite the unfavorable economic situation, the fur farming industry continues to develop. In order to improve the profitability of fur production in modern conditions, it is necessary to introduce biologically active additives into the diet of fur-bearing animals. Biologically active additives are the catalyst of many processes: activates metabolic processes, tissues respiration processes, participates in the regulation of lipid peroxidation. Experimental work was carried out to study the effect of biologically active drugs on the course of Aleutian disease in mink. The results of the studies confirmed the expediency of their application. The paper presents material on the results of biochemical and immunological studies of the blood of mink, spontaneously infected with the ABN virus and experimentally infected with the culture isolate of the virus "Sapphire" ABN. Biologically active preparations of subalin and Reaferon -EU-lipint were introduced into the ration of animals of experimental groups. When analyzing the results of biochemical and hematological blood tests for 45 days, the animals of the experimental group experienced a significant decrease in the level of total serum protein by 14%, decrease in the content of y-globulin by 92% compared with those of the control group. At the mink of the experimental groups, RIEEF showed a positive result on day 14, a dubious result on day 21 and 30, and a negative result on the 45th day of the experiment. The use of biologically active drugs in the complex of symptomatic treatment of patients with Aleutian mink disease has a positive immunomodelling effect on the metabolic processes in the Nork organism and helps increase body resistance of animals to adverse conditions until maturity of fur.

The protein metabolism of domestic foxes (Vulpes vulpes L.) of different genotypes in postnatal ontogenesis was studied. In the work, foxes of two color genotypes were used: silver-black (bb) and red (ААВВ) from Vyatka Fur Farm (Kirov region). Two groups of young males of each color type were formed at the age of two months (beginning of July) with 15 heads each. Blood was taken from puppies at the age of two, four and seven months. The results of the studies show that the level of albumins and а-globulins in the blood of silvery-black Fox is higher than in the blood of red Fox, respectively, by 7.16 % (p<0.05) and 8.01 % (p<0.01), and the content of y-globulins is lower by 11.81 % (p<0.001). Elevated levels of albumin and а-globulin in puppies of silver-black fox indicate a more active protein metabolism in them, compared with puppies of red fox. By the age of four months, differences in protein metabolism between puppies of different genotypes became less pronounced. The content of ß-globulins in the blood of silvery-black Fox was inferior to red by 7.95 % (p<0.05). With a further increase in the age of animals differences in the level of protein metabolism between different color types disappeared. Probably, after reaching the mass of adult animals at 7 months of age, the body's need of animals for protein decreases (Ilyina E. D. et al., 2004). Thus, domesticated silver-black and red foxes differ in the value of indicators of protein metabolism in the two-month age. With increasing age animals differences in the level of these indicators disappear. That is, differences in the level of protein metabolism between foxes of different genotypes is observed only in the growth period of puppies.

A comparative assessment of the morphological parameters of the blood of service dogs using cooked food and service dogs of the customs service when using dry food “Pro plan” of super premium class for adult dogs has been carried out. For the experiment, 2 groups of dogs with 10 clinically healthy animals each were formed. Blood tests showed that dogs that were fed cooked (natural) food in comparison to dogs, whose diet consisted of dry forages "Pro plan" super-premium, the level of hemoglobin was lower at 18.0%, the number of red blood cells by 14.0%, the average content of hemoglobin in one erythrocyte by 7.0 %, gematokrita value of 18.7 %, the average volume of red blood cells by 8.9%. Color index and erythrocyte sedimentation rate on the contrary was higher in dogs of the first group compared with the second, respectively, 4.5% and 60.0% of. In leucogramma dogs with feeding natural food, the percentage of segmented neutrophils was higher by 12%, and the stab neutrophils is almost two times than dogs with dry feeding. The percentage of lymphocytes on the contrary was lower in the first group by 22.9 %, and mon ocytes 2 times less than in the second group of animals. Thus, the results of the research of morphological indicators of blood of dogs show a relatively high balance of finished dry food, as well as on the complexity of the formulation and preparation of balanced diet for dogs, based on natural products.

The study of enzyme activity parameters (lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase) of blood serum of newborns, 3, 6, 9, 12-month-old sheep in the conditions of iodine deficiency (eastern) zone of Stavropol territory. As a result of researches it is established that activity of serum enzymes of blood of sheep in postnatal ontogenesis has a number of authentically significant distinctions that is connected with dwelling in conditions of iodine deficiency. The studies revealed the highest values of LDH activity in sheep at 12 months of age (500,9±13,77 Ed/l), and the lowest in 6 months (125,8±16,85 Ed/l). High values of LDH activity in 12-month-old sheep are probably associated with an increase in catabolism processes in animals. Low values of LDH activity in the 6-month-old yarok (puberty), may be due to the active breakdown of glucose due to the intensification of metabolic processes for the adaptation of the body. The results showed that the activity of alkaline phosphatase in newborn lambs, compared with other age groups, was the highest (384,6±16,67 Ed/l), and changed only in 3 months of age. This is due to the high intensity of transmembrane processes in the cells of newborn lambs, where alkaline phosphatase is directly involved. Analysis of data on the study of GGT activity in postnatal ontogenesis of sheep revealed the highest values of this indicator in newborns 29,25±3,05 Ed/l and they were significantly (p<0,05) higher by 37,8% compared to its values in three-month sheep, which is probably due to the intensive growth of this species of animals in this period of life, since this enzyme is one of the indicators of protein metabolism.

A feed additive containing vitamins in the form of a microemulsion, microelements in chelate form has been developed. The principal difference is the absence of propylene glycol in its composition. To eliminate the occurrence of adverse chemical reactions and eliminate the biochemical antagonism of the components, the additive is divided into two mixtures for alternate daily oral administration. The aim of the work is to evaluate the effect on the microscopic organization of the liver of various doses of the components of the additive when administered daily for a month in an experiment on mice. The study was conducted on 92 adult out-bred white mice - males, divided into six experimental and one control group (table 1). Mice received various dosages of premix daily. The premix was administered orally daily, individually, to each animal with alternation of mixtures in accordance with our recommendations. To obtain an amount convenient for administration to mice, the reduced dosages were supplemented with saline to a volume equivalent to other groups. Control animals received a similar amount of saline. The microstructure of the liver was assessed by analysis of histological preparations stained with hematoxylin-eosin on the 7th, 14th and 30th days of the experiment. Introduction to the diet premix ActiveMix does not cause changes orienting-research behavior of animals. In some groups, there are signs of increased motor activity and reduced indirect signs of a stress response. With the introduction of the ActiveMix premix into the diet of mice, a decrease in the severity of fatty liver infiltration of experimental animals is observed. The positive effect of the effect of the premix on the microscopic picture of the liver was noted already on the 7th day of the experiment. The most effective in relation to this effect is the introduction of the additive in dosages of 0.3 and 0.6 g / kg body weight. The use of supplements in doses up to 3 g / kg of body weight does not cause a violation of the microscopic organization of the liver.

The aim of the study was to study the dynamics of morphometric parameters of the right cicatricial artery of the stomach of cattle of black-and-white breed in postnatal ontogenesis. The material for the study was the stomachs taken from healthy animals of seven age groups: newborns (1 day), 30 days, 3 months, 6 months, 18 months, 3 years, 8-10 years. The right scar artery was excised at the point of its departure from the common trunk of the splenic and right scar arteries. It was found that the wall of the test vessel is formed in accordance with the development of the scar, ensuring its adequate blood supply. Morphometric parameters of smooth muscle cells of the right scar artery media are statistically heterogeneous in all studied age groups. Nucleus area is gradually increased from birth (52.87±2.08 μm) to three months (58.88±2.50 μm2) and further significant changes are undergoing. The area of protoplasm increased significantly from birth (336.06±9.64 μm2) until six months of age (398.79±8.37 μm2), without undergoing significant changes up to three years of life, significantly decreasing by 8-10 years (313.05±10.07 μm2). Nuclear-protoplasmic ratio of media's myocytes ranges from 0.16±0.007 in newborns (1 day) to 0.20±0.009 in adult animals 8-10 years. The revealed changes in the morphometric parameters of myocytes confirm the available information about their special role in the formation of the vascular wall by increasing the extracellular matrix and the number of smooth muscle cells. The obtained data can be used in morphology, veterinary forensic examination, in assessing the state of blood vessels and determining the age of the animal.

The aim of the study is to study the diagnostic value of the main leukocyte indices. The study included dogs (n=20 in each group) of different ages with severe manifestations of hepatopathy (acute hepatitis, reactive hepatitis and liver tumors). The control group consisted of clinically healthy dogs without pa thology of the homeostasis system. All animals were analyzed General clinical blood test. Absolute and relative leukocyte counts were assessed by the standard method. From leucoformula calculated leukocyte index. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using Microsoft Excel software package. As a result of the studies, a significant increase in the leukocyte intoxication index was found in all studied hepatopathies. This indicates a pronounced endogenous intoxication, and also shows the presence of a bacterial component. This is extremely important in the evaluation of reactive hepatitis, because in most cases it is extremely difficult to assess due to the fact that the biochemical parameters of blood change slightly or may be within the normative values. Also, an increase in the index of blood leukocyte shift indicates a violation of immunological reactivity in the studied hepatopathies. Based on the data obtained, it can be said that hematological indices (leukocyte intoxication index (LII), blood leukocyte shift index (BLSI) and leukocyte index (LI)) allow to estimate the level of endogenous intoxication of the body, as well as the state of homeostasis. The index of blood leukocyte shift makes it possible to judge the presence of an inflammatory process in the body. This all points to the value of leukocyte indices as a diagnostic method.

The main indications for the application of the technique of free skin transplantation are extensive skin defects in places with high skin tension. Researches were conducted on 15 dogs aged from 1.5 to 9 years old, in the conditions of the veterinary clinic of orthopedics, traumatology and intensive care, St. Petersburg. 13 dogs with wound surfaces ranging in size from 4 to 8 cm in the distal parts of the limbs, obtained as a result of injury, and after carrying out surgical interventions for the removal of tumors. 2 dogs with wound surfaces ranging in size from 8 to 14 cm in the trunk region as a result of a burn disease obtained from a heating pad. The depth of the lesions was 1.5-2 cm. From 7 to 11% of the body surface was susceptible to burn injury. Before surgery, a clinical examination was performed, laboratory blood tests - clinical and biochemical blood tests, cardiac echocardiography. This is due to the fact that with the healing of large wounds on secondary tension, scar tissue forms that prevents the normal functioning of this area and at the same time, changes the aesthetic appearance of the affected area of the body. Solve this problem with skin transplant. In this regard, the purpose of our study was a detailed study of the technique of free skin graft and the features of postoperative care. In 80% of the animals, who had been transplanted with free stratified grafts to close skin defects, complete engraftment of the flaps was observed. 15% partial engraftment, and 5% had a flap tearing. Incomplete engraftment of flaps was observed on extensive skin defects, in the area of bone tissue not covered with muscle or granulation tissue, and wounds in which necrotic tissue is partially present. Rejection of the flap occurred with one transplantation on the trunk, it was not possible to properly fix bandage bandages in this area, as a result of which the nutrition and engraftment of the flap was disrupted. The obtained results of treatment indicate that skin grafting with the help of a free skin grafts is the fastest way to heal extensive skin defects, wound surfaces of distal limbs with the best functional and cosmetic effects.

This article describes the assessment of wound healing by secondary tension. Studies were conducted on 6 dogs and 4 cats aged 1.5 to 8 years. In the course of research, a study was conducted of the features of wound healing by secondary tension, the rate of wound compression, possible complications after wound healing by secondary tension, and comparison of wound healing by secondary tension in cats and dogs. The animals used in the experiments, with wound surfaces of various sizes in the distal parts of the limbs, resulting from injury. Wounds in these animals were observed at all stages of the wound process. In case of extensive injuries, treatments were carried out with the use of painkillers: Morphine, IPA, Fentanyl. Sinulox was administered systemically antibiotics at a dosage of 12.5-20 mg / kg - 1-2 times a day, from 7 days to 1.5 months. Conducted a clinical examination, laboratory blood tests - a clinical blood test every 5-7 days to control the inflammatory process. And assessing the healing of wound surfaces in cats and dogs: the rate of occurrence of granulation tissue, the rate of wound compression, the effect of the resulting scar tissue on the functionality of the affected area. In the course of the research, the treatment of wound surfaces was carried out daily, and the assessment of wound healing in cats and dogs was carried out. As a result, we found out the following: 1) wound healing by secondary tension in cats and dogs was carried out from 20 days to 2 months with the formation of scar tissue, which in three animals led to contractures of the joints of the distal limb areas; 2) wound compression occurred at a rate of 0.6-0.8 mm per day, and started from 59 days from the periphery of the wound to the center; 3) in cats, granulation tissue was formed later than in dogs. The rate of wound closure, epithelialization and general healing were reduced in cats compared with dogs.

The experiment was performed on calves of black and motley breed. Two experimental groups of animals were formed, 25 individuals each, patients with dyspepsia and one intact group, which included healthy animals. Determination of sensitivity to the vaccine and the Monklavit-1 solution was carried out using the diffusion method, using disks and serial dilutions. All animals were treated comprehensively using Ringer's solutions and 5% glucose, sodium thiosulfate, procaine blockade according to V.V. Mosin, pancreatin, vetoma 1.1., Diet. The animals of the 1st experimental group used 7 g of an animal for an animal, 2 times a day, 7 days, per oral; animals of the 2nd experimental group -“Monklavit-Г, 50 ml each, per head, 2 times a day, per oral. The concentration of free thyroxin (St. T4), total triiodothyronine (vol. T3) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was determined by the method of solid-phase immunoassay using the Alkor Bio reagents (St. Petersburg, Russia). In operation, the experimental effectiveness of Monklavit-1 in dyspepsia in calves, as well as an assessment of the effect of iodophor on the functional activity of the thyroid gland, was shown. In calves, which, as etiotropic treatment of dyspepsia, “Monklavit-1” was used, by 2, 4 and 6 days a significant increase in concentrations was ob served. T3 and St. T4, respectively, by 5% -11% (P>0.990) and 16% -20% (P>0.999) against the background of an unreliable decrease in the concentration of TSH by 8-19% relative to the pretreatment indexes. With the use of rificlin, depression of the functional activity of the thyroid gland was noted, which was manifested in a significant decrease in the concentration of St. T4 and about T3 for 18-27% (Р>0.999) and 8-17% (Р>0.999) relative to the initial values. The use of the preparation in a production environment is economically justified and recommended by us as a means of primary choice in the treatment of digestive disorders, the prevention of iodine deficiency conditions.