Comparative evaluation of milk from cows of a number of national breeds Russian breeding

Abstract

Milk is a particularly valuable food product for humans and a number of animals. Recently, it has been recommended to use the clarification for the Holstein breed as black-and-white (in the vast majority of cases) or red-and-white (several percent of animals), since many black-and-white cows are transferred to the black-and-white Holstein breed after genetic analysis. The relative abundance of the remaining dozens of breeds is below this level, but a number of them are important domestic breeds of cows, so they will be considered below. As a result of the data analysis, it follows that both the total and breeding population of the Kholmogory cow breed in Russia is gradually decreasing. At the same time, the average milk yield for the breed per lactation is gradually increasing and already amounts to 7875 kg, which is almost 2 times higher than that for 2005. The average mass fraction of fat is about 3.9%, and the average mass fraction of protein is 3.2%. The four breeds considered (Suksunskaya, Sychevskaya, Tagil breeds and Yakut cattle) are among the smallest ("minor") in Russia, therefore, recently, the prospects for preserving these breeds have caused concern. Although many of the animals of the "minor" breeds are distinguished by an increased content of fat (and / or protein) in milk, acclimatize well in a harsh climate and are resistant to many diseases.